Products Chlorine gas is available from specialty retailers as a liquid in compressed gas cylinders. Structure and properties Chlorine (Cl, 35.45 u) is a chemical element with atomic number 17 that belongs to the halogens and nonmetals and exists as a yellow-green gas with a strong and irritating odor. Molecularly, it is diatomic (Cl2 resp. … Chlorine
Products Calcium carbonate is commercially available as a drug in the form of tablets, capsules, effervescent tablets, chewable tablets, lozenges, and oral suspension, among others. Some products are combination preparations, for example with vitamin D3 or other antacids. Structure and properties Calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 , M r = 100.1 g/mol) exists in pharmacopoeia quality … Calcium Carbonate
Products Calcium chloride is available as a pure substance in pharmacies. In pharmaceuticals, it is included as an active ingredient and excipient, for example in infusion preparations. Structure and properties Calcium chloride (CaCl2, Mr = 110.98 g/mol) is the calcium salt of hydrochloric acid. It exists as a white crystalline powder, crystals, or crystalline mass … Calcium Chloride
Products Calcium hydroxide is available in pharmacies and drugstores. It is also called slaked lime or slaked lime. Structure and properties Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2, Mr = 74.1 g/mol) exists as a white, fine, and odorless powder that is practically insoluble in water. It is a base with a pKb(1) of 1.37 that reacts with hydrochloric … Calcium Hydroxide
Structure and properties Many active pharmaceutical ingredients are present in the drug as organic salts. This means that the active ingredient is ionized and its charge is neutralized by a counterion (English ). For example, naproxen is present in the over-the-counter pain reliever as a sodium salt. In this form, it is referred to as … Active Ingredient Salts
Products Bases are available as pure substances in pharmacies and drugstores. They are included in numerous medicines as active ingredients and excipients. Definition Bases (B) are proton acceptors. They accept a proton from an acid (HA), a proton donor, in the acid-base reaction. Thus, they lead to deprotonation: HA + B ⇄ HB + + … Bases
Products Alkaline powders are available from various suppliers in pharmacies and drugstores as dietary supplements. They are also manufactured by the companies themselves. In addition to powders, tablets and other preparations are also sold. Structure and properties Alkaline powders are powder mixtures intended for ingestion. They contain basic inorganic salts and excipients. These include, for … Base Powder
Products Calcium sulfate and plaster bandages are available, for example, in pharmacies and drugstores. Structure and properties Calcium sulfate dihydrate (CaSO4 – 2 H2O, Mr = 172.2 g/mol) is the calcium salt of sulfuric acid. It exists in pharmaceutical grade as a white, odorless and fine powder that is very slightly soluble in water. Calcium … Calcium Sulfate
Products Several drugs are commercially available as enteric-coated tablets. Listed below are active ingredients that are administered with this dosage form: Proton pump inhibitors such as pantoprazole and esomeprazole. Some painkillers, e.g., NSAIDs such as diclofenac Digestive enzymes: pancreatin Laxative: bisacodyl Salicylates: mesalazine, acetylsalicylic acid 100 mg. Structure and properties Enteric coated tablets belong to … Enteric-Coated Tablets
Products Aluminum is found in pharmaceuticals (e.g., antacids, acetic alumina solution, vaccines, hyposensitization), cosmetics, personal care products (e.g., antiperspirants, deodorants), sunscreens, food, food additives, medicinal drugs, and drinking water, among others. It is also referred to as aluminum. Structure and properties Aluminum is a chemical element with atomic number 13 and is a silvery-white and … Aluminum
Products Magnesium hydroxide is commercially available as suspension, chewable tablets, powder with excipients, pure powder and effervescent powder (Magnesia San Pellegrino, Alucol is a fixed combination with aluminum oxide, pure powder from Hänseler), among others. Magnesium hydroxide has been registered in many countries since 1935. In English, the suspension is called “Milk of Magnesia” because … Magnesium Hydroxide
Products Magnesium oxide is found in medicines and in dietary supplements, for example in the form of capsules. Structure and properties Magnesium oxide (MgO, Mr = 40.3 g/mol) is the metal oxide of magnesium. It consists of magnesium ions (Mg2+) and oxide ions (O2-). The pharmacopoeia differentiates depending on the filling volume achieved: Light magnesium … Magnesium Oxide
