Multivitamin Supplements in Pregnancy

Products In many countries, various multivitamin preparations are on the market in the form of tablets and capsules that are specifically adapted to the needs of pregnant women. While some are approved as medicines and are covered by basic insurance, others are sold as dietary supplements and are not mandatorily covered by insurance. A selection: … Multivitamin Supplements in Pregnancy

Iron

Products Iron is available in the form of tablets, capsules, chewable tablets, drops, as a syrup, direct granules and as a solution for injection, among others (selection). These are approved drugs and dietary supplements. It is also combined with folic acid, with vitamin C and with other vitamins and minerals fix. Some dosage forms are … Iron

Iron Infusions

Products In many countries, injection solutions containing ferric carboxymaltose (Ferinject, 2007), ferrous sucrose (Venofer, 1949), ferumoxytol (Rienso, 2012), and ferric derisomaltose (ferric isomaltoside, Monofer, 2019) are commercially available. In other countries, other products with different compositions are available, for example, ferrous sodium gluconate. Iron dextrans are rarely used anymore because of the risk for severe … Iron Infusions

Iron Maltol

Products Ferric maltol is commercially available in the form of hard capsules (Feraccru, some countries: Accrufer). It was approved in the EU in 2016 and in many countries in 2017. Structure and properties Ferric maltol contains ferric ions in a complex with three molecules of maltol (ferric trimaltol). Due to the complexation, iron is better … Iron Maltol

Iron Deficiency Causes and Treatment

Background The iron content of an adult is about 3 to 4 g. In women, the value is somewhat lower than in men. About two-thirds is bound to heme as so-called functional iron, is present in hemoglobin, myoglobin, and in enzymes, and is essential for oxygen supply and metabolism. One-third is found in the iron … Iron Deficiency Causes and Treatment

Ferrous Sulfate

Products Ferrous sulfate is contained in medicines for iron substitution, for example, in tablets. It is also an ingredient in tonics (e.g., Tonicum FH). Structure and properties Iron(II) sulfate (FeSO4, Mr = 151.9 g/mol) is the ferrous salt of sulfuric acid and is readily soluble in water. It dissolves even better in hot water. Various … Ferrous Sulfate

Malabsorption Syndrome: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

In malabsorption syndrome, the patient’s intestines do not adequately absorb certain or all nutrients from food into the bloodstream, resulting in nutrient deficiency. Malabsorption characterizes many congenital intestinal diseases and intolerances to certain foods. In addition to dietary measures and treatment of the underlying disease, malabsorption syndrome usually involves substitution of nutrients by infusion. What … Malabsorption Syndrome: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

B Lymphocytes: Function & Diseases

B lymphocytes (B cells) are among the white blood cells (leukocytes) and are the only cells that can also produce antibodies. If activation by foreign antigens occurs, they differentiate into memory cells or plasma cells. What are B lymphocytes? B lymphocytes are classified as part of the white blood cell group. Their most important function … B Lymphocytes: Function & Diseases

Respiratory Affect Convulsion

Symptoms During respiratory affect convulsion, the child cries or screams and subsequently stops breathing. He or she becomes cyanotic (blue) or, less commonly, pale and loses consciousness because of inadequate oxygen supply to the brain. Muscle tone fades and the child falls over. Convulsive movements are also possible during this phase. Breathing soon resumes and … Respiratory Affect Convulsion

Restless Legs Syndrome Causes and Treatment

Symptoms Restless legs syndrome manifests as an uncomfortable and difficult-to-describe feeling in the legs and a strong urge to move the legs. Less commonly, the arms are also affected. The unilateral or bilateral insensations include, for example, a burning sensation, pain, pressing, creeping and a pulling sensation. The discomfort occurs mainly at rest, for example, … Restless Legs Syndrome Causes and Treatment

Nutrition in Pregnancy

Even if it sometimes seems so in view of the many guidebooks on the market, a pregnancy is not a disease. Basically, therefore, the following applies to nutrition during pregnancy: what is allowed is what tastes good. Normally, a woman in pregnancy knows very well what is right and important for her. But of course … Nutrition in Pregnancy