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The endothelium is a single-layer layer of flat cells that lines all vessels and thus represents an important barrier between intravascular and extravascular space (as the space inside and outside the blood vessels). Structure The endothelium forms the innermost cell layer of the intima, the inner layer of the three-layer wall structure of an artery. … Endothelium

Classification The endothelium can be divided into different basic types. The different types depend on the function of the organ. The structure has a strong influence on the permeability of the endothelium (endothelial permeability) for the substances found in blood and tissue. The closed endothelium is most common. Among others, especially in capillaries and other … Classification | Endothelium

Malfunctions Various risk factors such as arterial hypertension, increased cholesterol levels and especially nicotine consumption seriously alter the function of the intact endothelium. One speaks then of an endothelial dysfunction. For example, oxidative stress can alter the nitric oxide mechanism and highly toxic metabolites are formed which can damage the endothelium. Endothelial damage is the … Malfunctions | Endothelium