What is the patellar tendon reflex? The patellar tendon reflex (PSR) or “knee-cap reflex” is a reflex of its own that is frequently used in everyday clinical practice. This reflex is triggered by a light blow with the reflex hammer on the ligamentum patellae, a broad and strong ligament just below the patella, which represents … Patellar Tendon Reflex
Segments of the spinal column In humans, the sensitive neurons (afferences) move to the lumbar segments (lumbar vertebrae) L2-L4, in smaller animals to L3-L6. There the excitation is switched to the motor neurons (efferences) via one synapse each. These neurons pass through the plexus lumbalis and back to the muscle in the femoral nerve, where … Segments of the spinal column | Patellar Tendon Reflex
The heart muscles form a part of the heart. It performs an important function. Certain diseases can affect the task of the musculature. Serious consequences result when disorders and symptoms occur. Therefore, medical attention should be sought promptly if a disease is suspected. What is the heart muscle? Cardiac musculature is a specific form of … Cardiac Muscles: Structure, Function & Diseases
Definition Every body cell has certain functional units, so-called cell organelles. They are the small organs of the cell and, like the large organs, have assigned areas of responsibility. Mitochondria and ribosomes belong to the cell organelles. The function of the cell organelles is different; some produce building material, others provide for order and clean … Mitochondria
Different types of mitochondria Three different types of mitochondria are known: the sacculus type, the cristal type and the tubule type. The classification is made on the basis of the indentations of the inner membrane in the interior of the mitochondria. Depending on how these indents look, the type can be determined. These folds serve … Different types of mitochondria | Mitochondria
What are the special features of mitochondrial inheritance? Mitochondria are a cell compartment that is inherited maternally. All children of a mother therefore have the same mitochondrial DNA (abbreviated as mtDNA). This fact can be used in genealogical research by using mitochondrial DNA to determine, for example, the membership of a family to a people. … What are the special features of mitochondrial inheritance? | Mitochondria
Can mitochondria multiply? In principle, the organism can regulate the production of mitochondria up or down. The decisive factor for this is the current energy supply of the organ in which the mitochondria are to be multiplied. A lack of energy within these organ systems ultimately leads to the development of so-called growth factors via … Can mitochondria multiply? | Mitochondria
Definition A muscle fiber (also: muscle fiber cell, myocyte) is the smallest unit of a skeletal muscle; the muscle cells of the smooth muscle and the heart muscle show certain similarities to the muscle fibers, but are not called so. Structure of a muscle fiber A muscle fiber is a so-called syncytium. This means that … Muscle Fiber
Composition In total, a muscle fiber consists of about three-quarters water, 20% protein (half of which is provided by the contractile proteins actin and myosin) and 5% ions, fats, glycogen (an energy store) and nitrogenous substances. Types of muscle fibers Two different types of muscle fibers are distinguished by their function. On the one hand … Composition | Muscle Fiber
Before, during and after operations, homeopathic concomitant therapy has advantages for the patient. Homeopathic medicines The following homeopathic remedies can be used in cases of fear of surgery: Aconitum (blue wolfsbane) Gelsemium (False Jasmine) Ignatia (Ignatius bean) Aconitum (blue wolfsbane) Prescription only up to and including D3! The typical dosage for aconitum (blue monkshood) that … Homeopathy for fear of surgery
Operation Surgical treatment (surgery) for a torn muscle fibre in the shoulder is not always obligatory. Only in cases in which more than one third of the entire muscle cross-section is affected, surgery is necessary. Surgery for a torn shoulder muscle fiber includes both the removal of the deep-seated bruise and the connection of the … Operation | Torn muscle fibre of the shoulder
Torn muscle, torn muscle bundle Definition A torn muscle fibre is a typical sports injury in which the tearing of individual muscle fibres occurs due to heavy strain. General information The muscle fiber tear must be clinically distinguished from a simple muscle strain. Both diseases are caused by high loads acting on the affected muscle, … Torn muscle fibre of the shoulder
