Stem plant Equisetaceae, field horsetail. Medicinal drug Equiseti herba – Horsetail herb: The whole or cut, dried, sterile, aerial parts of L. (PhEur). PhEur requires a minimum content of flavonoids. Preparations Equiseti extractum aquosum siccum Equiseti extractum ethanolicum liquidum Equiseti extractum ethanolicum siccum Equiseti herbae pulvis Equiseti herbae recentis extractum aquosum liquidum Equiseti herbae recentis … Horsetail: Medicinal Uses
Effects Carboanhydrase inhibitors on the one hand weakly diuretic, on the other hand lower intraocular pressure. Mechanism of action Inhibition of carbonic anhydrase. Inhibition of carbonic anhydrase in the ciliary body decreases aqueous humor secretion. This results in a decrease in intraocular pressure. Indications Glaucoma, ocular hypertension Prophylaxis of altitude sickness Other indications: Oedema, cerebral … Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor
Products Crizotinib has been approved in many countries since 2012 in capsule form (Xalkori). Structure and properties Crizotinib (C21H22Cl2FN5O, Mr = 450.3 g/mol) is an aminopyridine. It exists as a white to yellowish powder that is soluble in acidic solution to 10 mg/mL. Effects Crizotinib (ATC L01XE16) has antitumor and antiproliferative properties. The effects are … Crizotinib
Effects The RAAS is activated in the presence of low blood pressure, decreased blood volume, hyponatremia, and sympathetic activation. Main actions: mediated via angiotensin II: Vasoconstriction Blood pressure increase Release of catecholamines Hypertrophy at the heart Mediated via aldosterone: Water and sodium ions are retained Potassium ions and protons are eliminated Overview of the RAAS … Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS)
Effects Nifedipine is an active ingredient of the dihydropyridine group and has a relaxing effect on vascular smooth muscle. When used topically or orally, it dilates blood vessels, improves blood flow and thus wound healing, is anti-inflammatory, and relieves anal sphincter spasms. Dihydropyridines inhibit the influx of calcium into smooth muscle cells by inhibiting L-type … Nifedipine Cream for Anal Fissure
Products Nebivolol is commercially available in tablet form as a monopreparation (Nebilet, generic, USA: Bystolic) and in combination with hydrochlorothiazide (Nebilet plus). The active ingredient has been approved in many countries since 1998. A fixed combination with valsartan is also available in some countries (Byvalson). Structure and properties Nebivolol (C22H25F2NO4, Mr = 405.4 g/mol) has … Nebivolol
Products Insulin aspart is marketed as an injectable (NovoRapid, USA: NovoLog). It has been approved in many countries since 1999. The fixed combination IDegAsp (insulin aspart + insulin degludec, Ryzodeg) was registered in many countries and in the EU in 2013. In 2017, Fiasp ultra-fast-acting, a very fast-acting insulin aspart, was also approved. With the … Insulin Aspart
Products The green tea preparation was approved as a medicinal product in many countries by Swissmedic in March 2012 in the form of an ointment (Veregen, 10%, formerly: polyphenon E). Ingredients The brown ointment contains a purified dry extract of green tea leaves (Camelliae sinensis extractum siccum raffinatum), which contains catechins, such as epigallocatechin gallate … Green Tea against Genital Warts
Products Drugs containing triamterene are no longer on the market in many countries. Triamterene was included in Diucomb, Diuricomplex, Dyazide, Dyrenium, and Dyrenium compositum, capsules (+ benzthiazide). Structure and properties Triamterene (C12H11N7, Mr = 253.3 g/mol) Effects Triamterene (ATC C03DB02) is diuretic by inhibiting sodium reabsorption in the distal tubule. Indications Oedema, arterial hypertension.
Products Lubiprostone is commercially available in the form of soft capsules (Amitiza). It has been approved in many countries since 2009. Structure and properties Lubiprostone (C20H32F2O5, Mr = 390.46) is a white, odorless powder that is insoluble in water and soluble in ethanol and ether. It is a derivative of a metabolite of prostaglandin E1. … Lubiproston
Products Amlodipine is commercially available in tablet form (Norvasc, generic). It has been approved in many countries since 1990. Amlodipine is also combined fixed with the following agents: Aliskiren, atorvastatin, perindopril, telmisartan, valsartan, olmesartan, hydrochlorothiazide, and indapamide. Structure and properties Amlodipine (C20H25ClN2O5, Mr = 408.9 g/mol) has a chiral center and is a racemate. It … Amlodipine (Norvasc)
Symptoms Frostbites are inflamed, superficial, painful, itchy to burning, swollen, reddened to blue-purple skin lesions (patches, papules, plaques). They occur recurrently on both sides, especially dorsally on the fingers and toes. Other exposed areas such as ears, face, nose and thighs may also be affected. Frostbite is most commonly seen in winter and spring. Possible … Frostbite Symptoms and Causes
