Blueberries

Products Preparations from blueberries are available in pharmacies and drugstores in the form of teas, capsules, and as juice, among others. The medicinal drug is available as an open commodity. Blueberries are a typical ingredient in wild berry jams. Stem plant Bilberry L. is a perennial, low-growing shrub of the heather family (Ericaceae) native to … Blueberries

Norovirus

Symptoms Infection with norovirus manifests as gastroenteritis with diarrhea without blood in the stool and/or with violent, even explosive vomiting. Vomiting is more common in children. Furthermore, accompanying symptoms such as nausea, bloating, abdominal pain, abdominal cramps, muscle pain, headache, and mild fever may occur. An asymptomatic course is also possible. The duration of the … Norovirus

Carbohydrates: Role in Diet

Products Carbohydrates (“sugars”) are found in many natural and processed foods, pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and dietary supplements. For example, foods containing carbohydrates include pasta, cereals, flour, dough, bread, legumes, potatoes, corn, honey, sweets, fruits, sweet beverages, and dairy products. Structure Carbohydrates are natural products and biomolecules that are usually composed of only carbon (C), hydrogen … Carbohydrates: Role in Diet

Traveler’s Diarrhea

Symptoms Traveler’s diarrhea is usually defined as a diarrheal illness that occurs in travelers from industrialized countries during or after a visit to a high-risk area, such as Latin America, Africa, the Middle East, or Asia. It is the most common travel illness, affecting 20% to 60% of travelers. Depending on the pathogen and severity, … Traveler’s Diarrhea

Campylobacter

Symptoms Possible symptoms of campylobacteriosis include: Diarrhea, watery to mushy, sometimes with blood and mucus in the stool. Nausea, vomiting Abdominal pain, abdominal cramps Feeling sick, fever, headache Muscle and joint pain Symptoms begin about two to five days after infection and usually last a week. Rarely, complications such as Guillain-Barré syndrome or reactive arthritis … Campylobacter

Stomach Flu

Symptoms Typical symptoms of gastroenteritis include: Watery diarrhea Nausea, vomiting Abdominal pain Lack of appetite Weakness, lack of strength, feeling sick Mild fever may occur As a complication, dangerous dehydration may occur. At risk are especially infants, young children, the elderly and people with immunosuppression. With noroviruses, the duration of illness is short, but it … Stomach Flu

Rotavirus

Symptoms Possible symptoms of rotavirus gastroenteritis include watery diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, fever, and feeling sick. Blood in the stool is rare. The course varies, but the disease leads to complications and hospitalization more frequently compared with other gastroenteritis. Fluid loss, especially in children, can lead to dangerous dehydration, convulsions and, in the worst … Rotavirus

Glucose

Products Glucose is found in numerous medicines, medical devices, in dietary supplements, and in countless natural and processed foods (e.g., bread, pasta, candy, potatoes, rice, fruits). As a pure substance, it is available as a pharmacopoeia-grade powder in pharmacies and drugstores. Structure and properties D-glucose (C6H12O6, Mr = 180.16 g/mol) is a carbohydrate belonging to … Glucose

Sodium Chloride

Products Pharmacopeia-grade sodium chloride is available in pharmacies and drugstores. Available medications include, for example, nasal sprays, irrigation solutions, injection, infusion, and inhalation solutions. Structure and properties The officinal sodium chloride (NaCl, Mr = 58.44 g/mol) exists as a white crystalline powder, colorless crystals, or white beads. It is slightly soluble in water, practically insoluble … Sodium Chloride

Salmonellosis

Symptoms Possible symptoms include: Diarrhea, nausea, vomiting (vomiting diarrhea). Inflammation of the intestine (enteritis) Abdominal pain, headache Slight fever, feeling sick The disease usually lasts about a week. Possible complications include dehydration and invasive infection with bacteria in the blood. Causes The cause of the disease is infection of the small intestine with rod-shaped bacteria … Salmonellosis

Cholera Causes and Treatment

Symptoms Cholera manifests as severe, watery, milky-white diarrhea (“rice water“) that leads to a large loss of fluids and electrolytes and dehydration and dehydration within hours. Other possible symptoms include nausea and vomiting. The massive fluid loss can lead to shock, renal failure, convulsions, coma and, if left untreated, death in up to half of … Cholera Causes and Treatment

Acute Diarrhea

Symptoms Acute diarrhea is defined as frequent bowel movements with a liquid or mushy stool consistency (≥ 3 voidings within 24 hours, stool weight > 200 g/day). It usually does not last longer than a week and often passes on its own. If it lasts longer than two weeks, it is referred to as a … Acute Diarrhea