What is the intestinal flora? The intestinal flora is the totality of all intestinal bacteria that colonize parts of the human colon (in small quantities also the rectum). The term intestinal flora goes back to the earlier assumption that this collection of microorganisms belongs to the plant kingdom (flora = plant world). However, since the … Intestinal Flora: Structure and Function
What are the female sexual organs? Female reproductive organs are organs of reproduction. They are divided into external and internal sex organs. External female sexual organs The external female sex organs are collectively called the vulva. They include: the mons pubis or mons veneris (mons pubis) the labia majora and labia minora (labia majora and … Female reproductive organs: structure and function
What is the thymus? The thymus plays an important role in the human immune system. In this small organ, some of the white blood cells (T lymphocytes or T cells) learn to recognize and attack foreign cells. To do this, the immune cells are shaped here so that they can distinguish the body’s own surface … Thymus: Structure, Function, Location, and Thymus Diseases
What is the blood circulation? The circulatory system is a self-contained vascular system with supply and disposal functions. It supplies all the body’s cells with vital substances such as oxygen (bound to the red blood pigment hemoglobin), nutrients, vitamins and minerals. Waste products (such as carbon dioxide), on the other hand, are transported away from … Blood circulation: structure, functions, and disorders
What is the portal vein? Strictly speaking, there are two portal veins (vena portae) in the human body: the hepatic portal vein (vena portae hepatis) and the pituitary portal vein (vena portae hypophysiales). The short term portal vein usually refers to that of the liver. It is one of the veins and brings deoxygenated blood … Portal vein: Structure and function
What is the optic nerve? Like the retina, the optic nerve is part of the brain. It is about four to five centimeters long and begins at the optic disc in the eye (discus nervi optici). This is a whitish, disc-shaped area at the back of the eye where the nerve endings of the retina … Optic nerve: Function and structure
What is the inner ear? The inner ear is an organ that combines two functions: hearing and the sense of balance. The inner ear is located in the petrous pyramid (part of the temporal bone) and is adjacent to the wall of the tympanic cavity, to which it is connected via the oval and round … Inner Ear: Structure, Function, Disorders
What is the brain? The brain (encephalon) is the part of the central nervous system that lies within and fills the bony skull. It consists of countless nerve cells that are connected to and control the organism via afferent and efferent nerve pathways. The brain volume (human) is about 20 to 22 grams per kilogram … Brain: Structure and Function
What is the petrous bone? The petrous bone, pars petrosa, is one of three bones that make up the temporal bone. The other two bones are the pars tympanica and the pars squamosa. For the most part, the petrous bone projects into the interior of the bony skull (exception: mastoid process). The pars petrosa owes … Petrous bone (Petrous pyramid): Structure & Function
What is the amygdala? The amygdala (corpus amygdaloideum) is a sub-region within the limbic system, consisting of two bean-sized clusters of nerve cells. Through the connection with other brain regions, the meaning of various signals is evaluated here and these are then projected from the amygdala (together with the hippocampus) to the cerebral cortex via … Amygdala: Function and Structure
What is the foot? The foot (Latin: pes) is a complex structure consisting of numerous bones, muscles and ligaments, which has become an important supporting organ with the development of upright gait. Anatomically, it is divided into three parts: the tarsus, the metatarsus and the digiti. Tarsus The two largest tarsal bones are the talus … Foot: Structure and diseases
What is the X chromosome? The X chromosome is one of the two sex chromosomes (gonosomes). The female has two X chromosomes (XX), the male has one X and one Y chromosome (XY). The X chromosome is larger than the Y chromosome. Like all chromosomes, it consists of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and special proteins. DNA … X-Chromosome – Structure and Function
