Definition A decrease in the number of platelets due to the administration of heparin is called heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT). A distinction is made between two forms, the non-immunological form (HIT type I) and the antibody induced form (HIT type II). Introduction The word thrombocytopenia refers to a deficiency of thrombocytes, i.e. blood platelets. The word … Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)
Causes Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia are either formed as a non-immunological, harmless early form (type I) or are based on the formation of antibodies against platelet factor 4/heparin complex (type II). These cause the blood to clump together and the platelets are, so to speak, “caught away” or “trapped”, they can no longer perform their natural function.Unfractionated … Causes | Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)
Therapy The most important step in therapy is the immediate discontinuation of heparin if type II HIT is suspected. Also all other drugs containing heparin must not be used any further to prevent possible complications. These include ointments or catheter irrigations containing heparin. The anticoagulant therapy must be changed to non-heparin-based substances in order to … Therapy | Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)
Synonyms in a broader sense Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) Phlebothrombosis Venous thrombosis Pelvic vein thrombosis Venous thrombosis Blood Clot Leg vein thrombosis Lower leg thrombosis Economy class syndrome Tourist Class Syndrome Airplane thrombosis Definition Thrombosis A thrombosis is the clotting of blood (formation of a clot) in the blood vessel system, which leads to a … Thrombosis
CausesRisk factors There are many risk factors that increase the risk of thrombosis. It is the combination of different risk factors that increases the risk in particular. As safe factors of risk are considered: Operations (especially artificial hip joint and artificial knee joint) Overweight Smoking Gender (Women > Men) Lack of exercise (long-distance flights= economy … CausesRisk factors | Thrombosis
Diagnosis There are two ways to diagnose thrombosis safely. In addition to the symptoms that indicate a thrombosis, there are device-supported possibilities of Doppler sonography (ultrasound sonography) can be used to display the flow velocity in the vascular system. If a venous thrombosis is present, an interruption in the blood flow is detected. The ultrasound … Diagnosis | Thrombosis
Complications The most feared complication is pulmonary embolism. If the blood clot (thrombus) adheres only very loosely to the vessel wall, it may come loose. The thrombus now floats with the blood flow back to the heart and then to the lungs. The pulmonary arteries become increasingly narrow. The blood clot clogs the vessel and … Complications | Thrombosis
Thrombosis in the eye A thrombosis in the eye is also possible. In this case, the thrombus forms in a vein that supplies the retina and therefore leads to impaired vision. A quick therapy is important in order to be able to reverse the possible damage. Thrombosis in pregnancy During pregnancy the risk of thrombosis … Thrombosis in the eye | Thrombosis
Thrombosis and pill There are numerous factors that increase the risk of developing thrombosis. Especially the combination of different risk factors increases the risk. An important and frequent risk factor for women is the use of oral contraception, the so-called pill. Oral contraceptives are drugs taken mainly to prevent pregnancy and contain two active ingredients, … Thrombosis and pill | Thrombosis
Pain in the hollow of the knee when jogging Pain in the hollow of the knee, which occurs during or after running, is a very frequently described phenomenon, especially among amateur athletes who have only recently (re-)started an intensive running training. If the pain reliably recedes overnight and is only minimally or not at all … Pain in the hollow of the knee when jogging | Pain in the hollow of the knee
Pain in the hollow of the knee after sitting for a long time If pain in the hollow of the knee occurs after sitting for a long time (e.g. in an airplane), this may be a first indication of leg vein thrombosis. The lower leg of the affected leg then often appears overheated and swollen … Pain in the hollow of the knee after sitting for a long time | Pain in the hollow of the knee
Pain in the hollow of the knee in children Children, especially those of kindergarten or primary school age, can complain about pain in their legs.The pain is then usually localized in the back of the knee, calves or hip. There are two important causes: Firstly, it can be a so-called growth pain, the cause of … Pain in the hollow of the knee in children | Pain in the hollow of the knee