| Disease | Main spread | Prevention |
| Schistosomiasis (Bilharzia) | tropical-subtropical areas in Africa, South America, the Caribbean, Asia and the Middle East | do not bathe, dive, water-ski or drink from stagnant waters |
| Boutonneuse fever (Mediterranean tick-borne spotted fever). | Mediterranean, East and East Africa, India | Tick protection |
| Brucellosis (Malta fever and Bang’s disease) | Malta fever: Mediterranean area, Africa, Latin America; Bang’s disease: tropics, temperate zone | |
| Chagas disease | Mexico, Central and South America | Protection against predatory bugs |
| Chikungunya fever | South and Southeast Asia, Africa, Latin America (also Southern Europe, especially Italy) | Mosquito protection |
| Chinese liver fluke (clonorchiasis) | Asia; related species also in Eastern Europe | Avoid raw, salted, smoked, dried and semi-cooked fish |
| Cholera | S-America, SE-Asia, Africa | Cholera vaccination; use only boiled water and cooked/fried food; hygiene (hands!!) |
| Dengue fever | Mosquito repellent | |
| Ebola fever | Africa, Phillippines | avoid close contact with infected persons and their body fluids |
| Spotted fever | temperate zone worldwide | control of lice; improvement of hygienic conditions; no vaccination possible |
| River blindness (Onchocerciasis) | W and Z Africa, Central and South America | Mosquito repellent |
| Yellow fever | tropical Africa, Central and South America | vaccination, mosquito repellent |
| Giardiasis (Lambliasis) | Worldwide, esp. India, Turkey, Egypt, Spain, Italy | |
| Hookworm disease and skin mole | Worldwide, especially tropics and subtropics | do not walk barefoot or lie in the sand |
| Hemorrhagic fever | Tropics and subtropics | Only yellow fever vaccine available; for other hemorrhagic fevers, exposure prophylaxis only |
| Japanese encephalitis | temperate and tropical zone in East Asia, Southeast Asia, South Asia, Papua, New Guinea, and N Australia. | Vaccination; mosquito repellent |
| Kala-azar (Visceral Leishmaniasis) | Mosquito repellent, esp. after sunset | |
| Lassa fever | W-Africa | Protect food from rats (carriers) |
| Legionnaires’ disease (legionellosis) | worldwide, but especially in warmer countries | Clean air conditioners, inhalers, shower heads, whirlpools regularly |
| Leprosy | tropical-subtropical areas in Asia, Africa and S. America | usually no risk of infection for travelers |
| Loa loa (Loiasis) | tropical rainforests in W- and Z-Africa | Mosquito repellent |
| Lymphatic filariasis | Mosquito repellent | |
| Malaria | depending on pathogen: temperate zone, tropics resp. subtropics | mosquito protection; chemoprophylaxis |
| Marburg fever | Africa | avoid close contact with infected persons and their body fluids |
| Anthrax | especially in warmer regions with intensive livestock farming | Avoid contact with (infected) domestic and farm animals; vaccination only for persons at risk |
| Oriental bubonic disease (cutaneous leishmaniasis) | tropical-subtropical areas in Asia, Africa, Arabia, Central and South America, Southern Europe and Eastern Mediterranean region | |
| Plague | especially Africa, but also Asia and America | Avoid contact with rodents; avoid longer stays and overnight stays in slums; chemoprophylaxis for persons at risk. |
| Phlebotomus fever (sandfly fever) | worldwide, esp. Mediterranean region, Asia, S-America, Middle East, Southern Europe | Mosquito protection |
| Relapsing fever | subtropical and tropical areas, N-Africa, Asia, Middle East, S-America, gel. Southern Europe | |
| Sleeping sickness | tropical africa | Mosquito repellent |
| Sindbis fever | Scandinavia, Russia, Karelia, Africa, Asia, Australia | Mosquito repellent |
| Roundworm infestation (Ascariasis) | worldwide, especially in regions with poor hygiene standards | pay attention to hygiene (hands!!), only use boiled water and cooked/fried food |
| Typhoid fever | especially in warm countries with bad hygienic standards, especially Africa, S-America, Southeast Asia | Vaccination, which however does not offer complete protection – pay attention to hygiene! |
| West Nile fever | Mosquito repellent, especially in the evening and at night |
