Emergency measures in case of torn ligament
The correct treatment with the immediate measures of the torn ligament using a simple scheme (PECH scheme) will help to influence the healing process favourably and prevent further damage. Pause E Ice C Compression H High position P = PauseFor every injury in any kind of sport the following applies: Stop exercising immediately. The affected ankle joint should be immobilised immediately.
A direct examination is usually difficult, as the joint is very sensitive due to swelling and pain. The extent of the injury usually only becomes apparent in the first days after the injury. E = IceA direct application of ice can have a positive influence on the healing process of the torn ligament.
The application of cold leads to a narrowing of the blood vessels, which reduces the extent of bleeding and swelling. Furthermore, cooling slows down the metabolism, which leads to a reduction in tissue damage. Finally, cold has an analgesic effect.
It should be noted, however, that the ice never comes directly on the skin, as this can cause cold damage. Always first cover the area with a cloth or wrap a few layers of a compression bandage around it. Then put on the cooling pack and fix it with a compression or elastic bandage.
The duration of cooling depends on the extent of the damage and the subjective feeling of well-being. If the ice cream is well tolerated, it can be cooled for hours. However, the cooling effect only reaches a few cm into the depth, so that no “depth effect” can be achieved.
If the cooling is too long and persistent, it can negatively affect the healing process. If no ice is available, cold compresses can be used without any problems. So-called ice packs are also suitable for treating torn ligaments.
These are plastic bags filled with a viscous gel that can be stored in the freezer “in case of emergency”. If there are open wounds, direct and indirect muscle application is prohibited. C = CompressionTo prevent excessive swelling of the ankle joint, a compression bandage should be applied after or together with ice for treatment.
However, only moderate pressure should be applied to ensure good blood circulation. As the swelling increases in the first few hours, the tension of the compression bandage should be checked regularly. In case of bluish discoloration of the foot, the bandage must be removed immediately.
H = elevated positionA raised position of the injured ankle joint physically facilitates the reflux of blood and swelling fluid. The foot should be completely raised within the first 48 hours. The foot should be elevated regularly until the swelling has completely subsided. A sports medical examination is necessary. In case of a torn ligament at the ankle joint, the emergency outpatient clinic, the orthopaedist or sports physician should be your first port of call.
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