Products
Xylitol (xylitol, birch sugar) is commercially available as a powder. In addition, it is contained in numerous processed products such as chewing gums, candies, sweets, mouthwashes and toothpastes.
Structure and properties
Xylitol (C5H12O5, Mr = 152.1 g/mol) exists as a white crystalline powder or as crystals and is very soluble in water. It is a pentavalent [sugar alcohol> sugar alcohols] derived from xylose. Xylitol is produced by chemical methods from xylan obtained, for example, from beech wood or corn spindles:
- Wood xylan xylose (wood sugar) xylitol
Xylitol is found in some fruits and vegetables and is also formed by the human body as a metabolic intermediate.
Effects
Xylitol has a similar taste and sweetness to ordinary table sugar, but slightly fewer calories (only 240 kcal instead of 387 kcal per 100 g). It has a pleasant cooling effect in the mouth and there is no aftertaste. Xylitol is heat stable and can also be used for cooking and baking. It is suitable for diabetics and has a preventive effect against caries. It has been shown that xylitol has antibacterial effects against the bacteria that are mainly involved in the development of caries. It is therefore not only gentle to teeth, but even anticariogenic.
Areas of application
- As a sugar substitute, as a substitute for sugar.
- For the prevention of plaque and tooth decay.
Dosage
According to the package leaflet. To prevent tooth decay can be used after meals, for example, chewing gum or toothpaste with xylitol. According to the manufacturers, pure xylitol powder can also be used for brushing teeth or mouth rinses (source: mithana GmbH).
Application restrictions
Xylitol should not be used in cases of hypersensitivity, infants, and fructose intolerance. It should not be given to dogs and some other animals because it may cause an increase in insulin and marked hypoglycemia.
Adverse effects
Xylitol can have a laxative effect and cause indigestion (food intolerance) if used in excess. It is much more expensive than regular sugar.