Abdominal Trauma: Complications

The following are the most important diseases or complications that may be contributed to by abdominal trauma (abdominal trauma):

Liver, gallbladder, and biliary tract – Pancreas (pancreas) (K70-K77; K80-K87).

  • Posttraumatic cholecystitis (gallbladder inflammation caused by the injury).
  • Posttraumatic pancreatitis (pancreatitis caused by the injury).

Mouth, esophagus (esophagus), stomach, and intestines (K00-K67; K90-K93).

  • Intestinal prolapse (bowel prolapse) during opening of the peritoneal cavity (abdominal cavity).
  • Ileus (intestinal obstruction)
  • Intra-abdominal hemorrhage – due to ingress/egress of the mesentery (mesentery/doubling of the peritoneum, originating from the posterior abdominal wall) or due to vascular injury
  • Peritonitis (inflammation of the peritoneum) – due to perforation (rupture) of intestinal loops or rupture (tear) of the gallbladder or bile ducts

Symptoms and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings not elsewhere classified (R00-R99).

  • Abdominal compartment syndrome – prolonged intra-abdominal pressure elevation of > 20 mmHg → intestinal hypoperfusion (decreased blood flow to the intestine), compression of the inferior vena cava (inferior vena cava) and consequent decrease in cardiac output, oliguria (decreased urine output with a daily maximum of 500 ml) to anuria (maximum 100 ml of urine per day), pulmonary atelectasis (failure to ventilate sections of the lungs); Lethality (mortality relative to the total number of people suffering from the disease) 20-40%.
  • Shock due to mass hemorrhage

Possible concomitant injuries in polytrauma (multiple injury).

  • Pelvic fractures (fractures of the pelvis).
  • Pneumothorax – collapse of the lung caused by an accumulation of air between the visceral pleura (lung pleura) and the parietal pleura (chest pleura)
  • Retroperitoneal hematoma – bruising in the retroperitoneal space (structures that lie behind the peritoneum and are not enclosed by it)
  • Serial rib fractures (at least three adjacent ribs are involved)
  • Skull fractures
  • Injuries of the extremities
  • Injuries of the cervical spine
  • Vertebral fractures (vertebral fractures)
  • Cerebral hemorrhages (brain hemorrhages)
  • Diaphragmatic contusion (bruised diaphragm).
  • Diaphragmatic rupture (rupture of the diaphragm)