Medical history (history of illness) represents an important component in the diagnosis of Campylobacter infection. Family history What is the general health of your family members? Social history What is your profession? Current medical history/systemic history (somatic and psychological complaints). What symptoms have you noticed? How long have these symptoms been present? Do you suffer … Campylobacter Enteritis: Medical History
Mouth, esophagus (food pipe), stomach, and intestines (K00-K67; K90-K93). Ulcerative colitis – inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Infectious intestinal disease, unspecified. Crohn’s disease – chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD); usually progresses in relapses and can affect the entire digestive tract; characteristic is the segmental affection of the intestinal mucosa, that is, several intestinal segments may be … Campylobacter Enteritis: Or something else? Differential Diagnosis
The following are the most important diseases or complications that may be contributed to by Campylobacter enteritis: Musculoskeletal system and connective tissue (M00-M99). Reactive arthritis (synonym: postinfectious arthritis/joint inflammation) – secondary disease after gastrointestinal (affecting the gastrointestinal tract), urogenital (affecting the urinary and genital organs), or pulmonary (affecting the lungs) infections; refers to arthritis in … Campylobacter Enteritis: Complications
A comprehensive clinical examination is the basis for selecting further diagnostic steps: General physical examination – including blood pressure, pulse, body temperature, body weight, body height; further: Inspection (viewing). Skin and mucous membranes Abdomen (abdomen) Shape of the abdomen? Skin color? Skin texture? Efflorescences (skin changes)? Pulsations? Bowel movements? Visible vessels? Scars? Hernias (fractures)? Palpation … Campylobacter Enteritis: Examination
1st order laboratory parameters – obligatory laboratory tests. Stool examination for enteropathogenic pathogens such as Campylobacter, Salmonella, Shigella, Yersinia, as well as Aeromonas, EHEC (enterohemorrhagic E. coli), Pseudomonas, Vibrio cholerae, Staphylococcus aureus, enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC; dyspepsia coli) in children [in acute illness, pathogen detection is the examination of choice]. Laboratory parameters 2nd order – … Campylobacter Enteritis: Test and Diagnosis
Therapeutic targets Rehydration (fluid balance). Elimination of pathogens Avoidance of complications Therapy recommendations Symptomatic therapy including fluid replacement – oral rehydration for signs of dehydration (fluid deficiency; >3% weight loss): administration of oral rehydration solutions (ORL), which should be hypotonic, between meals (“tea breaks”) for mild to moderate dehydration. Compensation of electrolyte losses If necessary, … Campylobacter Enteritis: Drug Therapy
Optional medical device diagnostics – depending on the results of the history, physical examination, laboratory diagnostics, and obligatory medical device diagnostics – for differential diagnostic clarification. Abdominal ultrasonography (ultrasound examination of the abdominal organs) – for basic diagnostics.
To prevent campylobacter enteritis, attention must be paid to reducing risk factors. Behavioral risk factors Consumption of contaminated food: Poultry meat (esp. chicken): including fondue chinoise; in which chicken is served at the table and cooked in a hot broth Chicken eggs Raw meat products such as minced meat (Mett) Raw milk or raw milk … Campylobacter Enteritis: Prevention
The following symptoms and complaints may indicate Campylobacter enteritis: Cephalgia (headache) Limb pain Fatigue Fever Myalgia (muscle pain) Arthralgia (joint pain) Mushy to watery, often bloody diarrhea (diarrhea). Colicky abdominal pain (periumbilical/around the navel). The symptomatology usually lasts circa one week.In immunocompromised patients even longer. Often, Campylobacter enteritis is also asymptomatic.
Pathogenesis (development of disease) Campylobacter belongs to the gram-negative bacteria. Pathogen reservoirs are many wild and domestic animals. The pathogens can survive in the environment for prolonged periods, especially in cool environments, but cannot multiply outside the host. Transmission of the pathogen (route of infection) occurs primarily via contaminated food (see “Behavioral causes” below), but … Campylobacter Enteritis: Causes
General therapeutic measures It is usually sufficient to replace the lost fluid. People with the disease or suspected of the disease are not allowed to work in food establishments. Community facilities should not be visited during symptomatic. Contact persons do not require special measures, provided they do not show symptoms. Review of permanent medication due … Campylobacter Enteritis: Therapy
