Therapeutic targets Improvement of the symptomatology Elimination of pathogens Partner management, i.e. infected partners, if any, must be located and treated (contacts must be traced for 2 months). Therapy recommendations Antibiosis (antibiotic therapy: systemic therapy with metronidazole), if necessary also vaginal antiseptic (vaginal suppositories, e.g. with polyvidone-iodine complex). See also under “Further therapy“.
Obligatory medical device diagnostics. Phase contrast microscopy – live, unstained cells (here: trichomonads) appear extremely poor in contrast in the normal brightfield microscope, these are well visualized by the phase contrast method.
To prevent trichomonad infection, attention must be paid to reducing risk factors. Behavioral risk factors Sexual transmission Promiscuity (sexual contact with relatively frequently changing different partners). Prostitution Men who have sex with men (MSM). Sexual contacts in the vacation country Unprotected coitus (condom does not protect 100% against transmission, but should be used preventively). Sexual … Trichomonads: Prevention
The following symptoms and complaints may indicate a trichomonad infection: Symptoms in women Acute vulvovaginitis (inflammation of the vagina and external genitals) – with foamy fluorine (discharge) that is whitish to yellow-greenish and may smell foul Burning pain and pruritus (itching) in the vulvovaginal area. Dyspareunia – pain during sexual intercourse. Dysuria – pain during … Trichomonads: Symptoms, Complaints, Signs
Pathogenesis (disease development) Trichomonads are flagellated protozoa (protozoa) found in the genitourinary tract. In most cases, transmission is by sexual means. Etiology (causes) Biographic causes Gender – Women, especially older women, are more commonly affected by trichomonad infection than men. Behavioral risk factors Sexual transmission Promiscuity (sexual contact with relatively frequently changing different partners). Prostitution … Trichomonads: Causes
General measures Partner management, i.e., infected partners, if any, must be located and treated (contacts must be traced for 2 months). Observance of general hygiene measures! Genital hygiene Once a day, the genital area should be washed with a pH neutral care product. Washing several times a day with soap, intimate lotion or disinfectant destroys … Trichomonads: Therapy
The following are the most important diseases or complications that may be contributed to by trichomonad infections: Neoplasms – Tumor diseases (C00-D48). Low-grade and intermediate-grade dysplasia (cell changes) or Pap III – Portio (cervix).
A comprehensive clinical examination is the basis for selecting further diagnostic steps: General physical examination – including blood pressure, pulse, body weight, height; furthermore: Examination of the genitals Male (urological examination): Inspection and palpation of the genitals (penis and scrotum; assessment of pubes hair (pubic hair), penis (penis length: between 7-10 cm when flaccid; presence … Trichomonads: Examination
1st order laboratory parameters – obligatory laboratory tests. Pathogen detection in direct preparation from genital secretion. Laboratory parameters 2nd order – depending on the results of the history, physical examination, etc. – for differential diagnostic clarification. Possibly cultivation of trichomonads – in the chronic stage. Nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) – very high sensitivity and … Trichomonads: Lab Test
Medical history (history of illness) represents an important component in the diagnosis of trichomonad infection. Family history Social history Current anamnesis/systemic anamnesis (somatic and psychological complaints). Have you noticed any symptoms such as discharge or vaginal itching? (Question for the woman) Have you noticed any discharge from the urethra? (Question for the man) How long … Trichomonads: Medical History
Infectious and parasitic diseases (A00-B99). Vulvovaginal infection caused by other pathogens (vaginosis; thrush mycosis, etc.). Genitourinary system (kidneys, urinary tract – sex organs) (N00-N99). Vulvovaginal infection caused by other pathogens (vaginosis; thrush mycosis, etc.).