General measures Adjustment of existing underlying diseases to optimal levels (see “Drug therapy“). Increase physical activity to 2.5-5 hours per week of moderate aerobic exercise or 1.25-2.5 hours per week of intense aerobic exercise. Aim for normal weight! Determination of BMI (body mass index, body mass index) or body composition by means of electrical impedance … Hypertriglyceridemia: Therapy
Medical history (history of illness) represents an important component in the diagnosis of hyperlipoproteinemia (hypertriglyceridemia). Family History Is there a frequent occurrence of dyslipidemia in your family? Are there any hereditary diseases in your family? Social history Is there any evidence of psychosocial stress or strain due to your family situation? Current medical history/systemic history … Hypertriglyceridemia: Medical History
Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases (E00-E90). Obesity (obesity). Acromegaly – increase in size of body end limbs due to increased presence of growth hormone after completion of growth. Cushing’s disease/Cushing’s syndrome – disease in which a tumor in the ACTH-producing cells of the pituitary gland produces too much ACTH, resulting in increased stimulation of the … Hypertriglyceridemia: Or something else? Differential Diagnosis
Care should be taken to The intake of saturated fatty acids, such as in meat and sausages, and cholesterol, especially in eggs and animal products such as brain, liver and kidney, is reduced In addition, the intake of simple sugars dextrose, lactose and fructose should also be reduced
The following are the most important diseases or complications that may be contributed to by hypertriglyceridemia: Eyes and ocular appendages (H00-H59). Visual disturbances Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases (E00-E90). Somatopause, premature – due todegradation of triglycerides to free fatty acids (FA) and glycerol → suppression of growth hormone secretion (synonyms: somatotropic hormone (STH), somatotropin) as … Hypertriglyceridemia: Complications
Hypertriglyceridemia refers to an elevated triglyceride content of the blood serum. Naturally occurring fats consist predominantly of triacylglycerols, which are also called triglycerides (TG) or neutral fats. In addition, there are small amounts of mono- and diacylglycerols. Triglycerides serve as energy stores. The nearly 12 kg of triglycerides that a normal-weight person stores in adipose … Triglycerides
Pathogenesis (disease development) There are several factors that can lead to hypertriglyceridemia: Genetic burden (see below). Excessive stress due to lifestyle and diet Diseases Drug side effects Excessive alcohol consumption (> 30 g/day) inhibits the oxidation of fatty acids in the liver. As a result, more fats are synthesized (→ steatosis hepatis/fatty liver) and released, … Hypertriglyceridemia: Causes
A comprehensive clinical examination is the basis for selecting further diagnostic steps: General physical examination – including blood pressure, pulse, body weight, height; further: Inspection (viewing). Skin, mucous membranes and sclerae (white part of the eye) [xanthomas – small yellowish-white skin lesions]. Auscultation (listening) of the heart [early atherosclerosis (arteriosclerosis, hardening of the arteries) → … Hypertriglyceridemia: Examination
1st order laboratory parameters – obligatory laboratory tests. Triglycerides Total cholesterol and LDL/HDL ratio LDL cholesterol HDL cholesterol Fasting glucose (fasting blood glucose), if necessary oral glucose tolerance test (oGTT). Renal parameters – urea, creatinine, if necessary cystatin C or creatinine clearance. Uric acid Laboratory parameters 2nd order – depending on the results of the … Hypertriglyceridemia: Test and Diagnosis
Therapeutic target Lowering triglycerides (TG) should reduce cardiovascular risk. Therapy recommendations Fibrates are first-line agents. Note: Fibrates may lower triglyceride levels but, in studies, there has been no clear evidence of efficacy in combination with statins. Alternatively, nicotinic acid, omega-3 fatty acids (EPA, DHA), statins + nicotinic acid can be used. Note: The American Heart … Hypertriglyceridemia: Drug Therapy
Optional medical device diagnostics – depending on the results of the history, physical examination, laboratory diagnostics, and obligatory medical device diagnostics – for differential diagnostic clarification. Intima-media thickness measurement – to detect subclinical atherosclerosis (arteriosclerosis, hardening of the arteries).
Within the framework of micronutrient medicine (vital substances), the following vital substances (micronutrients) are used for prevention: Omega-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid. Omega-3 fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid Omega-6 fatty acid gamma-linolenic acid Omega-6 fatty acid linoleic acid Secondary plant compounds daidzein, genistein and glycitein In the context of micronutrient medicine (vital substances), the following vital … Hypertriglyceridemia: Micronutrient Therapy