Vasculitides

Vasculitides: Symptoms, Complaints, Signs

Because of the many different forms of vasculitides, symptoms can be very diverse. Anti-GBM (glomerular basement membrane) disease, formerly Goodpasture’s syndrome (ICD-10 M31.0). Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis, formerly Churg-Strauss syndrome (ICD-10 M30.1) Granulomatosis with polyangiitis, formerly Wegener’s granulomatosis (ICD-10 M31.3) Isolated leukocytoclastic cutaneous vasculitis (cutaneous leukocytoclastic angiitis) (ICD-10 L95.9). Kawasaki syndrome (ICD-10 M30.3). Microscopic polyangiitis … Vasculitides: Symptoms, Complaints, Signs

Vasculitides: Causes

Anti-GBM (glomerular basement membrane) disease, formerly Goodpasture’s syndrome Pathogenesis (disease development). The disease is caused by formed autoantibodies against the basement membrane of blood vessels. The blood vessels of the renal glomeruli and alveoli (pulmonary alveoli) are particularly affected. Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA), formerly Churg-Strauss syndrome (CSS) Pathogenesis (disease etiology). The etiology (causes) of … Vasculitides: Causes

Vasculitides: Therapy

General measures In acute relapse: physical rest and bed rest. In the occurrence of fever: Bed rest and physical rest (even if fever is only slight; if aching limbs and lassitude occur without fever, bed rest and physical rest is also required). Fever below 38.5 °C does not necessarily need to be treated!(Exceptions: Children prone … Vasculitides: Therapy

Vasculitides: Classification

According to the 2012 Chapel Hill Consensus Conference, vasculitides are classified as follows. I Vasculitis of the small vessels (small-vessel vasculitides) ANCA-associated vasculitides (AAV). 1 Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA)[formerly: Wegener’s granulomatosis]. 2 Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA)[formerly: Churg-Strauss syndrome (CSS)] 3 Microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) Non-ANCA associated 4 Anti-GBM disease[formerly: Goodpasture’s syndrome]. 5 Schönlein-Henoch purpura[new: IgA … Vasculitides: Classification

Vasculitides: Lab Test

1st order laboratory parameters – obligatory laboratory tests. Small blood count Inflammatory parameters – CRP (C-reactive protein). Urine status (rapid test for: nitrite, protein, hemoglobin, erythrocytes, leukocytes) incl. sediment, if necessary urine culture (pathogen detection and resistogram, that is, testing of suitable antibiotics for sensitivity / resistance). Microscopy (microhematuria/excretion of blood in urine not visible … Vasculitides: Lab Test

Vasculitides: Drug Therapy

Therapeutic target Risk reduction or prevention of complications. Therapy recommendations Below are treatment recommendations for the most common vasculitides. Anti-GBM (glomerular basement membrane) disease, formerly Goodpasture’s syndrome: High-dose glucocorticoids (steroids) and cyclophosphamide (alkylants). Plasmapheresis (plasma exchange) – to remove the antibodies. Duration of therapy: 8-12 months Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis, formerly Churg-Strauss syndrome: Therapy is … Vasculitides: Drug Therapy

Vasculitides: Diagnostic Tests

Optional medical device diagnostics – depending on the results of the history, physical examination, laboratory diagnostics, and obligatory medical device diagnostics – for differential diagnostic clarification. Abdominal ultrasonography (ultrasound examination of the abdominal organs) – for basic diagnostics. X-rays of paranasal sinuses X-ray of the thorax (X-ray thorax/chest), in two planes. Computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging … Vasculitides: Diagnostic Tests

Vasculitides: Examination

A comprehensive clinical examination is the basis for selecting further diagnostic steps: General physical examination – including blood pressure, pulse, body temperature, body weight, body height; furthermore: Inspection (viewing). Skin, mucous membranes, and sclerae (white part of the eye) [eyelid, lower leg edema (water retention); exophthalmos (protrusion of the eye from the orbit); exanthem (rash); … Vasculitides: Examination

Vasculitides: Medical History

Medical history (history of illness) represents an important component in the diagnosis of vasculitides. Family history What is the general health of your family members? Are there any diseases in your family that are common? Are there any hereditary diseases in your family? Social history What is your profession? Current medical history/systemic history (somatic and … Vasculitides: Medical History

Vasculitides: Or something else? Differential Diagnosis

Differential diagnoses in general Vasculitis, unspecified Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA), formerly Churg-Strauss syndrome (CSS) Musculoskeletal system and connective tissue (M00-M99). Other vasculitides (inflammatory rheumatic diseases characterized by a propensity for inflammation of the (usually) arterial blood vessels) Neoplasms – tumor diseases (C00-D48). Hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES; Idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome) – unexplained disease; characteristics (high-grade, persistent … Vasculitides: Or something else? Differential Diagnosis

Vasculitides: Consequential Diseases

The following are the most important diseases or complications that may be contributed to by vasculitides: Consequential diseases in general Vasculitis can lead to stenosis (narrowing) and obliteration (occlusion) of a vessel, as well as to aneurysm (bulging of a vessel) Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA), formerly Churg-Strauss syndrome (CSS) Diseases Respiratory System (J00-J99) Pulmonary … Vasculitides: Consequential Diseases