Medical history (history of illness) represents an important component in the diagnosis of hepatitis A. Family history What is the general health of your family members? Social history Have you recently been in countries with low hygienic standards (Southeast Asia, Russia, the Middle East, Africa, Central and South America). Did you eat fresh salads, raw … Hepatitis A: Medical History
Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases (E00-E90). Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency. Hemochromatosis (iron storage disease) – genetic disease with autosomal recessive inheritance with increased deposition of iron as a result of increased iron concentration in the blood with tissue damage. Wilson’s disease (copper storage disease) – autosomal recessive inherited disease in which copper metabolism in the liver … Hepatitis A: Or something else? Differential Diagnosis
The following are the most important diseases or complications that may be contributed to by hepatitis A: Liver, gallbladder, and bile ducts – Pancreas (pancreas) (K70-K77; K80-K87). Fulminant hepatitis – usually caused by a pre-damaged liver.
Hepatitis A vaccination (synonym: HAV vaccination) is a typical travel vaccination. However, it is also indicated in patients at increased individual risk or in individuals and occupational groups at increased risk. The vaccine is an inactivated vaccine. Hepatitis A is an inflammation of the liver caused by the hepatitis A virus, which is almost exclusively … Hepatitis A Vaccines
A comprehensive clinical examination is the basis for selecting further diagnostic steps: General physical examination – including blood pressure, pulse, body weight, height; further: Inspection (viewing). Skin, mucous membranes, and sclerae (white part of the eye) [jaundice (jaundice), transient scarlatiniform exanthema/scarlet rash]. Abdomen (abdomen) Shape of the abdomen? Skin color? Skin texture? Efflorescences (skin changes)? … Hepatitis A: Examination
Laboratory parameters of 1st order – obligatory laboratory tests. Serology* – detection of hepatitis A-specific antibodies. HAV antigen detection in blood or stool. Indicates fresh hepatitis A infection in the incubation phase (detectable: 1-3 weeks before to 3-6 weeks after onset of disease) Anti-HAV IgM Evidence of fresh hepatitis A infection. Antibodies are detectable from … Hepatitis A: Test and Diagnosis
Therapy recommendations Hepatitis A is not treated with drug therapy. Rather, all drugs that are not absolutely necessary should be discontinued to relieve the liver as much as possible. Postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) [see below]. Partner management, i.e., infected partners, if any, must be traced and treated (contacts must be traced depending on the estimated time … Hepatitis A: Drug Therapy
Optional medical device diagnostics – depending on the results of the history, physical examination, laboratory diagnostics, and obligatory medical device diagnostics – for differential diagnostic clarification. Abdominal ultrasonography (ultrasound examination of the abdominal organs) – if complications are suspected. Computed tomography (CT; sectional imaging procedure (X-ray images from different directions with computer-based evaluation)); well suited … Hepatitis A: Diagnostic Tests
An at-risk group indicates the possibility that the disease may be associated with the risk of vital nutrient deficiency. Hepatitis A disease indicates a vital nutrient deficiency for Vitamin B6 The above vital substance recommendations were created with the help of medical experts. All statements are supported by scientific studies with high levels of evidence. … Hepatitis A: Micronutrient Therapy
Hepatitis A vaccination is the most important and effective preventive measure. Furthermore, to prevent hepatitis A, attention must be paid to reducing risk factors. Behavioral causes Diet Consumption of contaminated foodNote: Hepatitis A virus (HAV) on vegetables can remain infectious for several days and even persist for months in frozen fruit. Sexual transmission Promiscuity (sexual … Hepatitis A: Prevention
Hepatitis A is often subclinical or asymptomatic, that is, without symptoms, especially in children. The following symptoms and complaints may indicate hepatitis A: Symptoms of the prodromal stage (phase in the course of a disease in which uncharacteristic signs or early symptoms occur). Abdominal discomfort (in this case, upper abdominal pain). Nausea (nausea) Vomiting Diarrhea … Hepatitis A: Symptoms, Complaints, Signs
Pathogenesis (disease development) Hepatitis A virus is transmitted primarily through contaminated food. It nests in the liver and then replicates only there. The severity of the disease depends primarily on the body’s immune response. In most cases, however, hepatitis A infection is benign. Etiology (causes) Biographic causes Occupations – workers in the food and hospitality … Hepatitis A: What Causes It?
