To prevent salpingitis or oophoritis (adnexitis/ovary and fallopian tube inflammation), attention must be paid to reducing individual risk factors. Behavioral risk factors Lack of genital hygiene Promiscuity (frequent change of partners)
The following symptoms and complaints may indicate salpingitis or oophoritis (adnexitis/ovary and fallopian tube inflammation): Main symptoms General feeling of illness Fever – in moderate to severe illness. Fluor genitalis (vaginal discharge; new onset), which is often purulent (pus-like) Lower abdominal pain, bilateral (can also be unilateral). Secondary symptoms Cycle abnormalities/bleeding abnormalities: postcoital bleeding, intermenstrual … Ovary and Fallopian Tube Inflammation (Adnexitis): Symptoms, Complaints, Signs
Pathogenesis (development of disease) Usually, salpingitis/ophoritis (adnexitis) results from an ascending (ascending) infection from the vagina (vagina) and uterus (uterus).Rarely, inflammation occurs spillover from the peritoneum (peritoneum) or via the blood or lymphatic route. Etiology (causes) Biographic causes Early onset of sexual activity Behavioral causes Lack of genital hygiene Promiscuity (frequent change of partners) Disease-related … Ovary and Fallopian Tube Inflammation (Adnexitis): Causes
General measures Physical rest Observance of the general hygiene measures! Genital hygiene Once a day, the genital area should be washed with a pH neutral care product. Washing several times a day with soap, intimate lotion or disinfectant destroys the natural acid mantle of the skin. Pure water dries out the skin, frequent washing irritates … Ovary and Fallopian Tube Inflammation (Adnexitis): Therapy
A comprehensive clinical examination is the basis for selecting further diagnostic steps: General physical examination – including blood pressure, pulse, body temperature, body weight, body height; furthermore: Inspection (viewing). Skin and mucous membranes Abdomen Shape of the abdomen? Skin color? Skin texture? Efflorescences? Pulsations? Bowel movements? Visible vessels? Scars? Hernias (fractures)? Gynecological examination Inspection Vulva … Ovary and Fallopian Tube Inflammation (Adnexitis): Examination
Laboratory parameters of the 1st order – obligatory laboratory tests. Small blood count [leukocytosis* /increase in white blood cell count] Inflammatory parameters – CRP (C-reactive protein) or ESR (erythrocyte sedimentation rate) [↑* ] Pregnancy test (quantitative HCG) [a pregnancy test should be performed in all sexually active women of fertile age to rule out extrauterine … Ovary and Fallopian Tube Inflammation (Adnexitis): Test and Diagnosis
Therapeutic Targets Improvement of the symptomatology Elimination of pathogens Avoidance of complications Therapy recommendations Therapy of acute adnexitis includes the administration of antibiotics and “antiphlogistic analgesics” (NSAID = nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, NSAID = nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs). The therapy of chronic adnexitis can be difficult if the symptoms are severe, because antibiotics and analgesics or anti-inflammatory … Ovary and Fallopian Tube Inflammation (Adnexitis): Drug Therapy
Obligatory medical device diagnostics. Vaginal ultrasonography (ultrasound using an ultrasound probe inserted into the vagina) [salpingitis (inflammation of the fallopian tubes): fluid-filled tubes (fallopian tubes) with thickened walls and increased blood flow] Abdominal sonography (ultrasound examination of the abdominal organs) – for basic diagnostics. Optional medical device diagnostics – depending on the results of the … Ovary and Fallopian Tube Inflammation (Adnexitis): Diagnostic Tests
1st order Laparoscopy (laparoscopy): this may assist in early improvement of severe disease by loosening adhesions (adhesions) and draining pelvic abscesses; ultrasound-guided aspiration (suction) of pelvic fluid collections, if necessary, as a less invasive procedure Plastic surgical reconstruction for adhesions (adhesions) in the area of the adnexa (due tochronic salpingitis / oophoritis), for example, by … Ovary and Fallopian Tube Inflammation (Adnexitis): Surgical Therapy
Medical history (history of illness) is an important component in the diagnosis of salpingitis or oophoritis (adnexitis/ovary and fallopian tube inflammation). Family history Social history Do you have frequently changing sexual partners? Current medical history/systemic history (somatic and psychological complaints). Do you have abdominal pain? If yes, when does the pain occur? Where is the … Ovary and Fallopian Tube Inflammation (Adnexitis): Medical History
Infectious and parasitic diseases (A00-B99). Genital tuberculosis (consumption). Mouth, esophagus (esophagus), stomach, and intestines (K00-K67; K90-K93). Acute appendicitis (“appendicitis”). Diverticulitis – disease of the colon in which inflammation forms in protrusions of the mucosa (diverticula) (also consider younger patients, < 40 years). Irritable bowel syndrome (synonym: irritable colon). Psyche – nervous system (F00-F99; G00-G99) Functional … Ovary and Fallopian Tube Inflammation (Adnexitis): Or something else? Differential Diagnosis
The following are the most important diseases or complications that can be caused by salpingitis or oophoritis (adnexitis/ovary and fallopian tube inflammation) as well: Infectious and parasitic diseases (A00-B99). Perihepatitis (Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome) (10% of cases of adnexitis). Sepsis (blood poisoning) Mouth, esophagus (esophagus), stomach, and intestines (K00-K67; K90-K93). Peritonitis/acute abdomen (peritonitis). Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome (synonyms: Fitz-Hugh … Ovary and Fallopian Tube Inflammation (Adnexitis): Complications
