Pathogenesis (development of disease)
Usually, salpingitis/ophoritis (adnexitis) results from an ascending (ascending) infection from the vagina (vagina) and uterus (uterus).Rarely, inflammation occurs spillover from the peritoneum (peritoneum) or via the blood or lymphatic route.
Etiology (causes)
Biographic causes
- Early onset of sexual activity
Behavioral causes
- Lack of genital hygiene
- Promiscuity (frequent change of partners)
Disease-related causes
Genitourinary system (kidneys, urinary tract – sex organs) (N00-N99).
- Ascending bacterial infections from the vagina (vagina), cervix uteri (cervix), or uterus (uterus); common pathogens include:
- Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis (14-35% of cases) and Mycoplasma genitalium.
Other causes
- Germ spread in the context of diagnostics / therapy.
- Intrauterine device (IUD; “coil”) – risk increase only for 4 to 6 weeks after insertion (insertion of the coil).
