The following are the most important diseases or complications that may be contributed to by Helicobacter pylori infection:
Circulatory system (I00-I99)
- Myocardial infarction (heart attack) associated with Helicobacter pylori infection.
Mouth, esophagus (food pipe), stomach, and intestines (K00-K67; K90-K93).
- Chronic gastritis (chronic gastritis) (synonym: type B gastritis).
- Dyspepsia (irritable stomach syndrome).
- Ulcus duodeni (duodenal ulcer)
- Ulcus ventriculi (gastric ulcer)
Neoplasms – tumor diseases (C00-D48)
- Gastric carcinoma (stomach cancer) (due totype B gastritis).
- 90% of all noncardiac and 20% of all cardiamalignomas are attributed to Helicobacter pylori infection induced
- Gastric cancer risk is three times higher in H. pylori-infected individuals than in uninfected individuals
- For noncardiac carcinoma, patients with H. pylori infection who did not have antibodies to CagA (chronic atrophic gastritis) showed a 5.2-fold increased risk of cancer.
- Risk of distal gastric cancer is increased 2 to 3-fold by Helicobacter pylori infection.
- MALT lymphoma (lymphomas of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue, MALT); so-called extranodal (arising outside the lymph nodes) lymphomas; about 50 % of all MALT lymphomas are diagnosed in the stomach (80 % in the gastrointestinal tract) (90 % of MALT lymphomas of the stomach are Helicobacter pylori-positive); MALT lymphomas are largely caused by chronic infections with the bacterium Helicobacter pylori (type B gastritis) or by inflammations of the gastric tract. favored by inflammation; by eradication therapy (antibiotic therapy) disappear not only the bacteria, but as a result in 75% of cases also the gastric lymphoma.
Prognostic factors
- Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from patients with iron deficiency were significantly more aggressive in studies and caused more severe inflammation than those from patients without iron deficiency.