Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases (E00-E90).
- Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency (AATD; α1-antitrypsin deficiency; synonyms: Laurell-Eriksson syndrome, protease inhibitor deficiency, AAT deficiency) – relatively common genetic disorder with autosomal recessive inheritance in which too little alpha-1-antitrypsin is produced because of a polymorphism (occurrence of multiple gene variants). A deficiency of protease inhibitors is manifested by a lack of inhibition of elastase, which causes the elastin of the pulmonary alveoli to degrade. As a result, chronic obstructive bronchitis with emphysema (COPD, progressive airway obstruction that is not fully reversible) occurs. In the liver, the lack of protease inhibitors leads to chronic hepatitis (liver inflammation) with transition to liver cirrhosis (non-reversible damage to the liver with pronounced remodeling of the liver tissue). The prevalence (disease frequency) of homozygous alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency is estimated at 0.01-0.02 percent in the European population.
- Wilson’s disease (copper storage disease) – autosomal recessive inherited disease in which copper metabolism in the liver is disturbed by one or more gene mutations.
Cardiovascular system (I00-I99).
- Budd-Chiari syndrome (thrombotic occlusion of the hepatic veins).
- Ischemia (decreased or abolished blood flow to a tissue due to lack of arterial blood supply) of the liver
Liver, gallbladder, and bile ducts-pancreas (pancreas) (K70-K77; K80-K87).
- Hepatitis (inflammation of the liver), unspecified.
- Liver cirrhosis – connective tissue remodeling of the liver associated with functional impairment.
- Pregnancy fatty liver
Pregnancy, childbirth and puerperium (O00-O99)
- HELLP syndrome (H = hemolysis/dissolution of erythrocytes (red blood cells) in the blood), EL = elevated liver enzymes, LP = low platelets – special form of preeclampsia, which is associated with blood count changes and can have life-threatening courses/complication of gestational hypertension.
Injuries, poisoning and other consequences of external causes (S00-T98).
- Graft-versus-host disease (graft-host reaction).
- Shock liver
Medication
- See “Causes” under medications
Environmental pollution – intoxications (poisoning).
- Tuber leaf fungus intoxication (amanitins).
- Ecstasy (collective name for a variety of phenylethylamines).
- Carbon tetrachloride
