In humerus fracture (thesaurus synonyms: Arm fracture; bicondylar distal humerus fracture; distal humerus fracture; distal humerus fracture; fracture capitis humeri; fracture humeri; fracture of the distal humeral epiphysis; fracture of the intercondylar region of the humerus; fracture of the superior epiphysis of the humerus; fracture of the proximal epiphysis of the humerus; Fracture of supracondylar region of humerus; Fracture of trochlea of humerus; Fracture of trochlea humeri; Fracture of inferior epiphysis of humerus; Fracture of collum anatomicum humeri; Fracture of collum chirurgicum humeri; Fracture of epicondylus lateralis humeri; Fracture of epicondylus medialis humeri; Fracture of articular process of humerus; Fracture of humeral condyle; Fracture of humeral greater tuberosity; Fracture of humeral lesser tuberosity; Fracture of humerus; Fracture of humerus proximal end; Fracture of humeral head; Fracture of humeral head with two to four fragments; Fracture of humeral shaft; Multiple fractures of humeral shaft; Humeral fracture; humeral head fracture; humeral shaft fracture; open humeral fracture; open humeral dislocation; proximal fracture of humeral epiphysis; proximal humerus fracture; proximal humerus fracture; subcapital humerus fracture; supracondylar elbow fracture; supracondylar humerus fracture; ICD-10-GM S42. 3: Fracture of the shaft of the humerus; ICD-10-GM S42.4-: Fracture of distal end of humerus; ICD-10-GM S42.2-: Fracture of the proximal end of the humerus) is a fracture (broken bone) of the upper arm (humerus).
The following parts can be distinguished on the upper arm bone (lat. Os humeri or humerus for short):
- Caput humeri (humeral head).
- Collum humeri (neck of humerus)
- Corpus humeri (upper arm shaft)
- Distal part of the humerus carries the condyle humeri (articular cartilage), which together with the facies articulares (articular surfaces) to radius (radius) and ulna (ulna) forms the elbow joint (articulatio cubiti)
Proximal humeral fractures account for approximately 4 percent of limb fractures in childhood. Humeral head fractures (humeral head fractures) and distal humerus fractures each account for about five percent of fractures.Proximal humerus fracture (PHF) represents about 4-5% of all adult fractures.
Sex ratio: males to females is 1: 2-3 (humeral head fracture).
Frequency peak: the incidence of fracture increases significantly with age. Proximal humerus fracture is the third most common fracture in aging humans. Proximal humerus fracture: Two-peaked age distribution with the highest incidence <3 years and around 12 years of age.
The incidence (frequency of new cases) is approximately 70 cases per 100,000 population per year. In women beyond 70 years of age, the incidence is approximately 400/100,000 population per year.
Course and prognosis: In proximal humerus fractures with conservative (non-surgical) treatment, a complication-free course can usually be expected. With surgical treatment, complications are possible, such as skin irritation over the nail ends and radial nerve damage (nerve damage) if the implantation site is too high.
If the humeral head fracture is treated properly, it is usually possible with intensive follow-up treatment (physiotherapy) – if the injury is not too severe – to completely restore the function of the shoulder joint in the affected upper arm. The prognosis is primarily age and fracture dependent. With increasing age and with increasing number of fragments (number of fracture fragments), the chance of complete recovery of the function of the arm worsens. Depending on the type of treatment, it is possible to regain grip with the hands and perform simple activities after four to six weeks.
