Definition
The neck represents the back of the neck and extends from the back of the head to the shoulders. Important anatomical structures of the neck are the cervical spine and the neck muscles. The neck can be affected by a skin rash for various reasons. It is not possible to formulate a general definition of a skin rash in the neck, as there are very different clinical pictures, causes and conditions that can be the basis of the rash. Since the neck is often not covered by clothing and is therefore in contact with the environment, rashes can occur more frequently in this area.
Causes
There are many different causes that can cause a skin rash in the neck. The various rashes differ in their appearance, the accompanying symptoms and the course of the disease.
- Psoriasis: Psoriasis, also called psoriasis, can lead to a rash on the neck.
Typically the extensor sides of the arms and legs and the hairy scalp are affected, but the rash can also spread to the neck. It is characterized by dry spots, severe scaling and redness of the skin, and accompanying itching.
- Photodermatoses: Photodermatoses are generally formulated diseases in which exposure to light causes a skin change. A common cause of a skin rash in the neck is a simple sunburn.
It is characterized by reddening, burning, itching, pain and in pronounced cases by fever. Another photodermatosis that can appear in the neck is photoallergic dermatitis. This allergic skin rash appears on areas of skin that have been exposed to sunlight and previously come into contact with a substance that triggered the allergic reaction.
These may be fragrances, preservatives or ingredients of sunscreens. The neck is a typical site for such dermatitis. It is characterized by redness, small blisters and itching.
In general, one also speaks of a sun allergy.
- Head lice infestation: Head lice infestation is a common cause of a skin rash in the neck area. A strong itching is typical. Head lice can be seen with the naked eye.
The diagnosis of a skin rash in the neck is usually made by a dermatologist, family doctor or, in children, by the treating pediatrician.
First of all, the rash is described in terms of its appearance. This description can often already narrow down the circle of possible causes. Furthermore, the affected person is asked important questions about the accompanying symptoms, the time of occurrence of the rash, the course of the rash and existing allergies. For some diseases, special diagnostic measures such as a skin smear or the taking of a skin sample (biopsy) may be necessary. The dermatologist usually assesses the rash with a special skin magnifying glass, the dermatoscope.
