Definition
The principle of stress and recovery (also known as the supercompensation principle) is defined as the dependence of individual regeneration time on external and internal stress.
Introduction
The training principle of the optimal design of load and recovery is based on the fact that after an effective load stimulus a certain time is needed to set new training stimuli. For successful training, load and recovery must be seen as a unit. On the basis of biological supercompensation, regeneration not only restores the original performance level, but also leads to an adjustment beyond the initial level (hypercompensation).
Basis
3 central aspects form the basis for the principle of optimal design of stress and recovery.
- Load
- Stress
- Fatigue
1. load
Stress, also known as external stress, is understood to be the stimuli that act on the body/athlete during the training process. The load is characterized by the load normative (stimulus intensity, stimulus duration, stimulus frequency and stimulus density). In short: How hard is training? Different types of stress:
- Physical load
- Physiological load
- Sensory load
- Mental stress
2. stress
Stress, also known as internal stress, is understood as the body’s response to stress. Thus the load leads to stress. It results from the load norms and the individual load capacity.
Thus, stress and strain are connected via the individual load capacity. Note: The same load leads to different stress at different performance levels. Stress and strain can be understood as actio = reactio.
The body reacts to an impact of the load with stress. Basically, the higher the load, the greater the strain. This topic may also be of interest to you: Principle of the effective stress stimulus
3. fatigue
Fatigue is very closely related to stress. Fatigue characteristics: Fatigue can be divided into several subtypes:
- Stress characteristic (fatigue is always the result of a previous stress)
- Insufficiency feature (fatigue reduces current performance)
- Reversibility characteristic (fatigue is temporary and is reduced by recovery)
- Sensory fatigue (stimulus absorption and processing)
- Mental fatigue (ability to concentrate)
- Emotional fatigue (willpower)
- Physical fatigue (mostly muscular fatigue)
