Congenital malformations, deformities, and chromosomal abnormalities (Q00-Q99).
- Dyskeratosis follicularis – genetic cornification disorder of the skin.
- Ichthyosis vulgaris – genetic disease that lead to cornification disorder of the skin, usually drunken scaling; according to its mode of inheritance, two forms are distinguished. :
- Autosomal dominant ichthyosis vulgaris.
- X-linked recessive ichthyosis vulgaris
Disease usually begins in the first years of life and continues into puberty, after which there may be regression; typically the skin appearance the skin is usually dry and has increased line markings (lamellar scales especially extensor and trunk). In X-linked recessive ichthyosis vulgaris, the scales are more likely to be on the flexor side of the extremities.
Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases (E00-E90).
- Acrodermatitis enteropathica/micronutrient deficiencies (vital substances) – disease triggered by vitamin B2, vitamin B6 and zinc deficiency.
Skin and subcutaneous (L00-L99).
- Atopic eczema (neurodermatitis)
- Dermatomycosis (skin fungus)
- Erythrasma (dwarf lichen) – redness of the skin caused by bacteria of the type Corynebacterium minutissimum, which resembles that of mycosis; occurrence mainly in obese type 2 diabetics.
- Erythrodermia desquamativa – generalized skin redness and scaling.
- Impetigo contagiosa (bork lichen; pus lichen) – caused by streptococci of serogroup A (GAS, group A streptococci) highly infectious, not bound to the skin appendages (hair follicles, sweat glands), purulent infection of the skin (pyoderma).
- Scalp eczema
- Lichen simplex (synonyms: Neurodermatitis cirumscripta, Lichen chronicus vidal or Vidal disease) – localized, chronic inflammatory, plaque-like and lichinoid (nodular) skin disease that progresses in episodes and is associated with severe pruritus (itching).
- Light dermatoses – skin changes caused by exposure to light.
- Perioral dermatitis (synonyms: Erysipelas or Rosacea-like dermatitis) – skin disease with areal erythema (redness of the skin), red disseminated or grouped, follicular papules (nodular change on skin), pustules (pustules), dermatitis (skin inflammation) of the face, especially around the mouth (perioral), nose (perinasal) or eyes (periocular); Characteristic is that the skin zone adjacent to the red of the lips remains free; age between 20-45 years; mainly women are affected; risk factors are cosmetics, prolonged local corticosteroid therapy, ovulation inhibitors, sunlight
- Pityriasis simplex (synonyms: pityriasis alba, pityriasis alba faciei) – a common, noncontagious, and usually harmless skin disorder that occurs primarily in children; manifests as dry, fine-scaled, pale patches that appear primarily on the face.
- Pityrosporum folliculitis – inflammation of hair follicles caused by Malassezia furfur (old name: Pityrosporum ovale), a lipophilic yeast that lives saprophytically in areas of the infant rich in sebaceous glands; transmission of the causative agent by the mother; clinical presentation: acneiform papulo-pustules with environmental erythema (environmental redness), predominantly on the face, less frequently on the capillitium (entirety of the scalp hair) or in the neck area; disease is self-limiting, i. e. i.e. ends without external influences (course within a few weeks).
- Psoriasis capillitii – psoriasis in the area of the head.
- Rosacea (copper fins)
- Diaper dermatitis – must be considered differential diagnosis of eczema in the diaper region.
Infectious and parasitic diseases (A00-B99).
- HIV
- Mycoses (fungal diseases), unspecified.
- Pityriasis versicolor (Kleienpilzflechte, Kleieflechte) – non-inflammatory superficial dermatomycosis (skin fungal disease) caused by the pathogen Malassezia furfur (yeast fungus); sun exposure causes a whitish discoloration of the affected areas (white macules / spots).
- Scabies (scabies)
Musculoskeletal system and connective tissue (M00-M99)
- Lupus erythematosus chronicus discoides – autoimmune disease leading to skin lesions.
Neoplasms – tumor diseases (C00-D48).
- Histiocytosis/Langerhans cell histiocytosis (abbreviation: LCH; formerly: histiocytosis X; Engl. histiocytosis X, langerhans-cell histiocytosis) – systemic disease with proliferation of Langerhans cells in various tissues (skeleton 80% of cases; skin 35%, pituitary gland (pituitary gland) 25%, lung and liver 15-20%); in rare cases neurodegenerative signs may also occur; in 5-50 % of cases, diabetes insipidus (hormone deficiency-related disturbance in hydrogen metabolism, leading to extremely high urine excretion) occurs when the pituitary gland is affected; the disease occurs disseminated (“distributed over the whole body or certain regions of the body”) frequently in children between 1-15 years of age, less frequently in adults, here predominantly with an isolated pulmonary affection (lung affection); prevalence (disease frequency) approx. 1-2 per 100,000 inhabitants
- Mycosis fungoides – a cutaneous (located in the skin) T-cell lymphoma, which is a malignant (malignant) degeneration of cells belonging to the immune system (develops slowly over several years; in early stages, there is pruritus (itching) and a red, scaly patch, darker spots may also develop)
- Sézary syndrome – is a cutaneous T-cell lymphoma with the symptoms: severe itching (pruritus), extensive skin redness (erythroderma), lymph node enlargement, often hair loss (alopecia) of the entire body hair, excessive skin keratinization (hyperkeratosis) and nail malformations
Medication
- Chlorpromazine – drug from the group of neuroleptics used for mental illness.
- Cimetidine (antihistamine) – drug used for stomach ulcers.
- Gold
- Methyldopa – drug which is used as a high blood pressure medication.
Environmental pollution – intoxications (poisoning).
- Arsenic
