Definition
In the case of inflammation, the immune system tries to fight the bacteria that cause the inflammation and produces pus – this is also the case with dental root inflammation. Here, rapid multiplication of the pus often leads to severe swelling. But why does pus form and why does it multiply at warmer temperatures? What are the consequences of not paying attention to the swelling and when should I go to the dentist?
Causes
Pus formation in a dental root inflammation is always a sign that the inflammation has taken an acute course. This means that the inflammation multiplies rapidly and is very potent. Pus is formed.
The inflammation causes our immune system to react and white blood cells reach the place where the reaction takes place. Bacteria responsible for the inflammation are destroyed by granulocytes and these dead immune cells cause the yellowish color of the pus. As the bacteria cells multiply, more and more granulocytes are attracted and metabolized – the swelling of the pus grows.
This pus swelling is called abscess. An abscess always describes an encapsulated cavity filled with pus. This growth is reached faster at warmer temperatures, because inflammatory cells multiply better and much faster when warm.
Pus is formed during acute inflammation. Patients who suffer from inflammation of the root of the tooth, but who do not produce this secretion, have a chronic inflammation. Although it is not completely inactive, it does not try to multiply quickly.
The process is much longer. Nevertheless, any chronic inflammation can turn into an acute one, for example by an increase in temperature. The transition here is fluid.
Associated symptoms
Accompanying the swelling (tumor) and the feeling of pressure are the typical signs of inflammation. The swelling can develop outwards so that it is visible. If the lower jaw is affected, it may no longer be palpable due to the swelling.
The swelling hurts (“Dolor”), feels warm (“Calor”) and blushes (“Rubor”). It can also cause a functional impairment (“Functio laesa”) of the affected area. This can mean that the patient develops severe discomfort when swallowing.
In the worst case, the inflammation spreads to the throat area and causes respiratory problems. The patient has the feeling of not being able to breathe and may even suffocate. In this case readiness to act is required.
The affected person has to be treated immediately by a dentist, if necessary also in the emergency room. The swelling can also develop down the neck and move towards the heart. This condition is acutely life-threatening.
If no swelling has formed, the inflammation can also develop a so-called fistula tract, which starts at the site of inflammation and ends either inside the oral cavity or can also end outside the oral cavity. The inflammation always seeks the path of least resistance. The fistula tract is a constant source of pus, so no pressure is built up. The exit of the fistula tract itself can also be touch-sensitive.