Tongue Pain (Glossalgia): Or something else? Differential Diagnosis

Blood, blood-forming organs – immune system (D50-D90).

Iron-deficiency anemia – anemia caused by iron deficiency.
Immunodeficiency/deficiency → candidiasis (synonyms: candidasis; candidosis; fungal disease).
Pernicious anemia – anemia (anemia) caused by a deficiency of vitamin B12 or, less commonly, folic acid deficiency.
Plummer-Vinson syndrome (synonyms: sideropenic dysphagia, Paterson-Brown-Kelly syndrome) – combination of several symptoms caused by mucosal atrophy in the upper gastrointestinal tract (oral cavity to stomach); the disease leads to difficulty swallowing and burning of the tongue due to mucosal atrophy in the mouth, furthermore occur: Mucosal defects, oral rhagades (tears in the corner of the mouth), brittle nails and hair and dysphagia (difficulty swallowing) due to larger mucosal defects; the disease is a risk factor for the development of esophageal cancer (esophageal cancer).

Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases (E00-E90).

Skin and subcutaneous tissue (L00-L99)

Infectious and parasitic diseases (A00-B99).

Candidiasis (synonyms: candidosis, candidamycosis, candidamycosis, candidasis, candidosis; fungal infection), e.g., with Candida albicans.
Hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMK; hand-foot-mouth exanthema) [most common cause: Coxsackie A16 viruses].
Herpes simplex infection

Mouth, esophagus (food pipe), stomach and intestines (K00-K67; K90-K93).

Aphthae – inflammatory mucosal changes in the mouth.
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (synonyms: GERD, gastroesophageal reflux disease; gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD); gastroesophageal reflux; reflux esophagitis; reflux disease; reflux esophagitis; peptic esophagitis) – inflammatory disease of the esophagus (esophagitis) caused by the abnormal reflux (reflux) of acid gastric juice and other gastric contents.
Hunter glossitis – inflammation of the tongue, which occurs mainly in pernicious anemia (anemia).
Lingua geographica (map tongue): harmless change in the tongue surface; constitutional anomaly; the tongue gets its typical appearance by repulsion of the epithelium of the filiform papillae of the tongue surface (papillae filiformes); whitish and reddish districts resembling a map appear; spectrum of complaints ranges from asymptomatic to a burning sensation or burning pain.
Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LRP) – “silent reflux” in which the cardinal symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux, such as heartburn and regurgitation (backflow of food pulp from the esophagus into the mouth), are absent.
Xerostomia (dry mouth).
Tongue fissure (mucous membrane tear in the tongue), usually painless.

Musculoskeletal system and connective tissue (M00-M99).

Behçet’s disease (synonym: Adamantiades-Behçet’s disease; Behçet’s disease; Behçet’s aphthae) – multisystem disease of the rheumatic type associated with recurrent, chronic vasculitis (vascular inflammation) of the small and large arteries and mucosal inflammation; The triad (the occurrence of three symptoms) of aphthae (painful, erosive mucosal lesions) in the mouth and aphthous genital ulcers (ulcers in the genital region), as well as uveitis (inflammation of the middle eye skin, which consists of the choroid (choroid), the corpus ciliary (corpus ciliare) and the iris) is stated as typical for the disease; a defect in cellular immunity is suspected

Neoplasms – tumor diseases (C00-D48).

Psyche – nervous system (F00-F99; G00-G99)

Glossopharyngeal neuralgia – rare, painful affection of the glossopharyngeal nerve (from Greek glossa “tongue” and pharynx “throat”; “tongue-throat nerve”; IX. Cranial nerve); possible symptoms are attack-like pain conditions in the throat, palate, base of the tongue and tonsil region (adenoids).

Injuries, poisoning, and other consequences of external causes (S00-T98).

Medication

Other causes