Bacillus anthracis causes the well-known animal disease anthrax and was discovered by Aloys Pollender in 1849. In 1876, it was first propagated in the laboratory and identified as the anthrax agent by Robert Koch. The first vaccine against the contagious fatal animal disease was developed by Louis Pasteur in 1881 and successfully tested on a … Bacillus Anthracis: Infection, Transmission & Diseases
The term immunity comes from Latin and means “freedom from disease.” From a medical point of view, this means that an organism, such as a human being, is immune to external attacks by pathogens. Even simple organisms have a so-called immune defense. This is similar to the protective mechanisms that plants also have. Vertebrates, which … Immunity: Function, Tasks, Role & Diseases
Immune complex vasculitis refers to a form of blood vessel inflammation. It is one of the subgroups of vascular inflammation. What is immune complex vasculitis? Immune complex vasculitis is a type of vascular inflammation (vasculitis). In vasculitis, inflammation of the walls of blood vessels occurs. We speak of immune complex vasculitis when the vascular inflammation … Immune Complex Vasculitis: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment
Immunology is a branch of biological research strongly oriented toward medical applications. Its subject is the immune system, most particularly that of mammals and humans. Findings and products of immunological research help in infection biology, oncology, allergology, and transplant medicine. What is immunology? Immunology is a branch of biological research that is strongly focused on … Immunology: Treatment, Effects & Risks
Immunosuppression involves inhibiting or suppressing undesirable defense responses of the body’s immune system. This procedure is indicated primarily for patients with transplants and autoimmune diseases because the defense system of such patients might otherwise damage the body’s own tissues. Immunosuppression is associated with risks such as increased susceptibility to infection and side effects such as … Immunosuppression: Treatment, Effects & Risks
The immune system is the body’s own defense system. Without the immune system, the human body would be defenselessly exposed to harmful environmental influences and harmful changes in the body. Thus, the immune system is an endogenous mechanism that is vital to life. Definition, importance, and function of the immune system Plasma cells are cells … Immune System: Structure, Function & Diseases
A disease of the chronic autoimmune disorder systemic lupus erythematosus affects about 60,000 patients in Germany today. One observes an increasing accumulation of lupus in the population in the last 50 years. Women have this autoimmune disease ten times more frequently than men. In lupus erythematosus, chronic inflammation mainly affects blood vessels, joints or organs … Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment
Definition Sjögren’s syndrome (also called Sjögren-Larsson syndrome) was first described in 1933 by the Swedish ophthalmologist Henrik Sjögren. It is a dryness of the eyes and the oral cavity in connection with a rheumatic disease, chronic polyarthritis. Introduction Sjögren’s syndrome is an autoimmune disease first described in 1933, in which the body’s immune system is … Sjögren’s syndrome
T lymphocytes are a component of white blood cells that are responsible for immune defense. Their main function is to detect and fight pathological changes in the cell turn in the form of viruses or bacteria. What is a T lymphocyte? T lymphocytes, or also known as T cells, is the name given to a … T Lymphocyte: Structure, Function & Diseases
Thyreostimulin is a hormone that is produced in the pituitary gland and works with other hormones to regulate the thyroid gland. Until now, medical science has not known much about thyro-stimulin, as researchers only discovered it in 2002. However, it appears to indirectly affect bone formation and otherwise act similarly to thyrotropin. What is thyroostimulin? … Thyrostimulin: Function & Diseases
The thyrotropic control circuit is a control circuit between the thyroid gland and the pituitary gland. With the help of this control loop, the concentration of thyroid hormones in the blood is regulated. What the thyrotropic regulatory circuit? The thyrotropic regulatory circuit is a regulatory circuit between the thyroid gland (Figure) and the pituitary gland. … Thyrotropic Control Loop: Function, Role & Diseases
The Golgi apparatus is one of the cell organelles and serves to modify and sort proteins. It works closely with the endoplasmic reticulum. It is also involved in secretion formation. What is the Golgi apparatus? The Golgi apparatus represents an important cell organelle in which proteins produced in the endoplasmic reticulum are modified and sorted. … Golgi Apparatus: Structure, Function & Diseases