Dressler syndrome is the name given to a particular form of pericarditis that is not due to pathogens but to a type of late reaction of the immune system to destroyed heart muscle tissue. The triggering factor can be a heart attack, a heart muscle injury or heart surgery. Typical inflammatory reactions such as fever … Dressler Syndrome: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment
Billions of microorganisms settle on the skin, mucous membranes, small intestine and large intestine. This symbiosis supports metabolism and ensures an intact immune system. The beneficial microorganisms train the B lymphocytes and ensure a balance in the intestine. If this symbiosis is disturbed, dysbiosis can develop. What is dysbiosis? If the quantitative ratio within the … Dysbiosis: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment
Synonyms Polymyositis, purple diseaseDermatomyositis is an inflammatory disease of the skin and skeletal muscle. In addition, organs such as the kidney or liver can be affected. Dermatomyositis is also called purple disease, as it is primarily noticeable by a purple redness in the area of the eyelids. Frequency distribution In dermatomyositis there are two phases … Dermatomyositis
Symptoms The symptoms of dermatomyositis can vary greatly. However, there are characteristic symptoms that can be seen in most patients. First of all, the classic purple colouring in the area of the eyelid usually occurs; this typical skin change, which occurs mainly in the area of the eyelids and trunk, is caused by an erythema, … Symptoms | Dermatomyositis
Therapy In the treatment of dermatomyositis, it is important to know whether a carcinoma has occurred in addition to the disease. In most cases, the removal of the tumour leads to a decrease in the disease. If the patient suffers exclusively from dermatomyositis, he should initially stay away from strong UV light radiation. In addition, … Therapy | Dermatomyositis
Products Eptinezumab is in the development phase and is not yet commercially available. Structure and properties Eptinezumab is an IgG1 monoclonal antibody directed against CGRP. Effects Eptinezumab reduces the number of migraine attacks. The effects are due to binding of the antibody to CGRP, the calcitonin gene-related peptide. CGRP is a neuropeptide that plays an … Eptinezumab
Products BNT162b2 from German biotechnology company BioNTech and Pfizer was approved in many countries on December 19, 2020, as the first representative of mRNA vaccines and Covid-19 vaccines (Comirnaty, frozen suspension). The vaccine was studied in 2020 in a large Phase III trial with more than 44,000 participants. Switzerland was the first country in which … BNT162b2 (Tozinameran)
Products Basiliximab is commercially available as an injectable (Simulect, Novartis). It has been approved in many countries, in the EU, and in the United States since 1998. Structure and properties Basiliximab is a chimeric monoclonal human murine IgG1κ antibody with a molecular mass of 144 kDa. It is produced by biotechnological methods. The drug name … Basiliximab
Within the thyrotropic control loop, the Brokken-Wiersinga-Prummel control loop is an on-off feedback loop from TSH to its own formation. With the help of this control loop, TSH formation is limited. It has significance for the interpretation of TSH levels in Graves’ disease. What is the Brokken-Wiersinga-Prummel regulatory loop? With the help of the regulatory … Brokken-Wiersinga-Prummel Regulatory Circuit: Function, Tasks, Role & Diseases
Products Tocilizumab is commercially available as a concentrate for the preparation of an infusion solution and as a solution for injection in a prefilled syringe and in a prefilled pen (Actemra, RoActemra in some countries). It has been approved in many countries since 2008. Structure and properties Tocilizumab is a recombinant humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody … Tocilizumab
Regulatory circuits in the human body maintain various vital variables and processes. The pH value, the blood hormone level, the body temperature or the oxygen tension of the blood are kept constant with the help of control circuits. What is a control loop? A control loop is a control system that can control various processes … Control Loop: Function, Tasks, Role & Diseases
Products The first therapeutic monoclonal antibody was approved in 1986. Muromonab-CD3 (Orthoclone OKT3) binds to the CD3 receptor on T cells and has been used in transplantation medicine. Numerous drugs containing antibodies are now available. A selection of active substances can be found at the end of this article. These are expensive drugs. For example, … Monoclonal Antibodies