Sinus node The sinus node, rarely also called Keith-Flack node, consists of specialized heart muscle cells and is responsible for the contraction of the heart by transmitting electrical potentials, and is thus the clock of the heartbeat. The sinus node is located in the right atrium just below the orifice of the right vena cava. … Sinus node | Function of the heart
Control of the heart action This whole process works automatically – but without a connection to the nervous system of the body, the heart has hardly any possibilities to adapt to the changing requirements (= changing oxygen demand) of the whole organism. This adaptation is mediated via the heart nerves from the central nervous system … Control of the heart action | Function of the heart
Heart Rate Calculation If you want to train in your individual optimal heart rate zone you should be able to calculate your optimal heart rate. The calculation is done according to the so-called Karvonen formula, where the resting heart rate is subtracted from the maximum heart rate, the result is multiplied by 0.6 (or 0.75 … Heart Rate Calculation | Function of the heart
Introduction A defibrillator is a device used in acute and emergency medicine, which is designed to stop the heart by means of a directed current surge. Contrary to what is often assumed, the defibrillator only leads to heart stimulation in a secondary way. The defibrillator is used when a patient is in life-threatening ventricular fibrillation. … Defibrillator
What’s an AED? AED stands for “Automated External Defibrillator“. The Automated External Defibrillator (AED) is a small, state-of-the-art device that allows fully automatic operation and is used in the treatment of life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias, such as ventricular fibrillation or ventricular flutter. 85% of all sudden cardiac deaths are caused by ventricular fibrillation or ventricular flutter. … What’s an AED? | Defibrillator
Synonyms Heart sounds, heart signs, heart rate, medical: Cor Introduction The heart ensures the blood circulation of the whole body through constant contraction and relaxation, so that all Oragne is supplied with oxygen and nutrients and decomposition products are removed. The pumping action of the heart takes place in several phases. Heart action In order … Function of the heart
Medicinal drug Rauwolfiae radix – Rauvolfia root. Ingredients Indole alkaloids (Rauwolfia alkaloids): reserpine, ajmaline, ajmalicine. Effects Antihypertensive by depleting adrenergic, serotoninergic, and dopaminergic nerve endings. Sympatholytic Reassuring Antiarrhythmic due to sodium channel blockade (ajmaline) Indications Drug: mild essential hypertension. Reserpine as pure substance: hypertension. It is rarely used today (UAW). Ajmaline as a pure substance: … Rauvolfia
Effects Positive inotropic (hermuscular contractility). Negative chronotropic (heart rate) Negative dromotropic (excitation conduction) Positive bathmotropic (stimulus threshold is lowered). Indications Heart failure Arrhythmia Agents Digoxin (Digoxin Sandoz) Digitoxin Other active ingredients such as convallatoxin or proscillaridin are no longer commercially available today. Stem plants Adonis Christmas rose Foxglove, see under red foxglove Lily of the … Cardiac Glycosides
Introduction The symptoms of internal diseases are very diverse and can affect the whole body. Therefore, it is important to have possible diagnoses from internal medicine in mind for all complaints. In the following you will find an overview of the most important symptoms of internal diseases, ordered by their organ of origin. Symptoms of … Symptoms of internal diseases
Symptoms of the digestive tract Abdominal pain is also a very unspecific symptom with multiple causes. One point of reference in making a diagnosis is the exact localization of the pain. Pain in the upper abdomen, for example, is more likely to indicate an illness of the stomach, while pain in the lower right abdomen … Symptoms of the digestive tract | Symptoms of internal diseases
Symptoms of the liver Jaundice, or icterus, is a yellowing of the skin that usually begins in the area of the white dermis of the eye. The yellowing is caused by the accumulation of a blood pigment degradation product, the so-called bilirubin, in the blood. Bilirubin is broken down in the liver, so if the … Symptoms of the liver | Symptoms of internal diseases
Symptoms of the kidneys Pain or “burning” during urination typically occurs as part of a urinary tract infection. In colloquial speech, this is often referred to as “cystitis“, although the inflammation is not limited to the bladder. In most cases, a urinary tract infection is caused by the penetration of external pathogens, e.g. from the … Symptoms of the kidneys | Symptoms of internal diseases
