Products 5-Fluorouracil is commercially available as an ointment (Efudix), as a topical solution in combination with salicylic acid (Verrumal), and in preparations for parenteral administration. This article refers to topical application. In 2011, 5-fluorouracil at the lower concentration of 0.5% was approved in many countries with Actikerall. Structure and properties 5-Fluorouracil (C4H3FN2O2, Mr = 130.08 … 5-Fluorouracil
Products Capecitabine is commercially available in the form of film-coated tablets (Xeloda, generic). It has been approved in many countries since 1998. Structure and properties Capecitabine (C15H22FN3O6, Mr = 359.4 g/mol) is a prodrug and is converted to the cell-toxic 5-fluorouracil, the active drug, in a three-step process. Capecitabine exists as a white crystalline powder … Capecitabine
Products Brivudine is commercially available in tablet form (Brivex). It has been approved in many countries since 2003. It was originally developed in the German Democratic Republic. Structure and properties Brivudine (C11H13BrN2O5, Mr = 333.1 g/mol) is a nucleoside analog related to thymidine. Effects Brivudine (ATC J05AB) has antiviral properties against herpes viruses. It inhibits … Brivudine
Symptoms The possible initial symptoms of colon cancer include: Change in bowel habits, diarrhea or constipation. Bleeding, blood in the stool, black colored stool. Frequent urge to defecate, discharge of small and thin portions. Abdominal pain, flatulence, cramps. Weight loss, weakness, anemia Because the cancer grows slowly, it takes years before clinical symptoms finally appear. … Colon Cancer: Causes and Treatment
What are prodrugs? Not all active pharmaceutical ingredients are directly active. Some must first be converted to the active substance by an enzymatic or non-enzymatic conversion step in the body. These are the so-called . The term was introduced by Adrien Albert in 1958. It is estimated that up to 10% of all active ingredients … Prodrugs
Products Lapatinib is commercially available in the form of film-coated tablets (Tyverb). It has been approved in many countries since 2007. Structure and properties Lapatinib (C29H26ClFN4O4S, Mr = 581.1 g/mol) is present in drugs as lapatinibditosylate monohydrate. It is a 4-aniline quinazoline that exists as a yellow powder that is sparingly soluble in water. Effects … Lapatinib
Products Tucatinib was approved in the United States and many countries in 2020 in film-coated tablet form (Tukysa). Structure and properties Tucatinib (C26H24N8O2, Mr = 480.5 g/mol) Effects Tucatinib has antitumor and antiproliferative properties. The effects are due to inhibition of HER2 tyrosine kinase. The half-life is approximately 8.5 hours. Indications In combination with trastuzumab … Tucatinib
Hand-foot syndrome occurs more frequently during treatment with cytostatic drugs. Patients’ feet and hands become red, scaly, and painful or are affected by sensory disturbances. Hand-foot syndrome is treated symptomatically with analgesics and creams. What is hand-foot syndrome? Therapeutic drug treatments are usually associated with various side effects and health risks. In particular, phenomena such … Hand-foot Syndrome: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment
Capecitabine is the name given to a cancer drug. It belongs to the group of cytostatic drugs. What is capecitabine? Capecitabine is a cytostatic drug used to treat cancer. The drug is a prodrug (precursor) of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Within the tumor, its conversion into an active substance occurs. Capecitabine is administered orally and is suitable … Capecitabine: Effects, Uses & Risks