How carbamazepine works As an antiepileptic drug, carbamazepine reduces the hyperexcitability of nerve cells by blocking certain ion channels in the cell membranes. This reduces the risk of an epileptic seizure. In diseases of the nervous system, this controlled balance can be disturbed. For example, excitation may be increased or inhibition may be reduced due … Carbamazepine: Effects, Uses, Side Effects
Myotonia congenita Becker belongs to the general group of so-called myopathies (muscle diseases). It is characterized by delayed establishment of the resting membrane potential after a muscle contraction. That is, muscle tone decreases only slowly. What is myotonia congenita Becker? Myotonia congenita Becker is a muscle disorder (myopathy) that belongs to the special group of … Myotonia Congenita Becker: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment
The bridge (the pons) is a ventrally protruding section of the brainstem. It lies between the midbrain and medulla. What is the bridge? The bridge (from the Latin “pons”) is a section in the human brain. Together with the cerebellum, the pons is part of the hindbrain (metencephalon). Even a cursory examination of the brain … Bridge (Pons): Structure, Function & Diseases
Products Oxcarbazepine is available in the form of film-coated tablets, sustained-release tablets, and as a suspension and commercially (Trileptal, Apydan extent). It has been approved in many countries since 1997. Structure and properties Oxcarbazepine (C15H12N2O2, Mr = 252.3 g/mol) exists as a white to faint orange crystalline powder and is practically insoluble in water. Oxcarbazepine … Oxcarbazepine
Products Eribulin is commercially available as a solution for injection (Halaven). It was approved in many countries and in the EU in 2011. In the United States, it has been registered since 2010. Structure and properties Eribulin is present in drugs as eribulin mesilate (C40H59NO11 – CH4O3S, Mr = 826.0 g/mol), a white crystalline powder … Eribulin
Kleine-Levin syndrome is an episodic recurrent hypersomnia characterized by increased sleepiness, perceptual disturbances, and paradoxical waking behaviors. Presumably, a central nervous cause is present. To date, there is no established treatment option because of its low prevalence. What is Kleine-Levin syndrome? The medical profession knows Kleine-Levin syndrome as periodic hypersomnia in childhood or adolescence. More … Kleine-Levin Syndrome: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment
Diseases such as gastritis, peptic ulcer, or the use of medications that are harmful to the stomach may require the use of a stomach-protecting, acid-inhibiting agent. Modern medicine has a number of appropriate drugs available that work effectively and gently. One of the most commonly prescribed agents is omeprazole. What is omeprazole? The active ingredient … Omeprazole: Effects, Uses & Risks
Ondansetron is a major antiemetic that belongs to the setrone class of drugs. Ondansetron achieves its effects by causing inhibition of 5HT3 receptors. Because of this mode of action, ondansetron is also considered a serotonin receptor antagonist. The drug is marketed under the trade name Zofran and is used to treat nausea, vomiting, and emesis. … Ondansetron: Effects, Uses & Risks
Products Retigabine was approved in many countries as film-coated tablets since 2011 (Trobalt). In the United States, it is referred to as ezogabine. It was discontinued in 2017. Structure Retigabine (C16H18FN3O2, Mr = 303.3 g/mol) is a carbamate that was developed starting from the analgesic flupirtine. The free primary amino group is -glucuronidated (see below). … Retigabine (Ezogabine)
Symptoms After the initial clinical manifestation in the form of chickenpox, the virus remains in a latent stage in the dorsal root ganglia for life. Reactivation of the virus occurs particularly in the presence of weakened immune defenses. Vesicles with cloudy contents form in the area supplied by the infected nerve, e.g. on the trunk … Shingles: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, Prevention
Simeticon belongs to the class of carminatives. The drug is used to treat flatulence and bloating. What is simeticon? Simeticon belongs to the carminatives. The drug is used to treat flatulence and bloating. Simeticon is the name given to an active ingredient that belongs to the group of carminatives. These are drugs against flatulence. Thus, … Simeticon: Effects, Uses & Risks
Products Tramadol is commercially available in the form of tablets, capsules, melting tablets, drops, effervescent tablets, suppositories, and as a solution for injection. (Tramal, generic). Fixed combinations with acetaminophen are also available (Zaldiar, generic). Tramadol was developed by Grünenthal in Germany in 1962 and has been approved in many countries since 1977 and in the … Tramadol: Drug Effects, Side Effects, Dosage and Uses
