Onchocerciasis – or river blindness – is a parasitic disease caused by the worm filariae Onchocerca volvulus. River blindness is one of the most common infectious causes of blindness worldwide. What is river blindness? A massive health problem, river blindness occurs in over 99% of all cases in sub-Saharan Africa, but it is also known … River Blindness (Onchocerciasis): Causes, Symptoms & Treatment
Agave was used as a food and medicinal plant by the Aztecs. Even today, some products made from the desert plant are used in folk medicine to treat diseases and for prevention. However, the user should pay close attention to the dosage. Occurrence and cultivation of the agave The agave was already used by the … Agave: Applications, Treatments, Health Benefits
Itchy, burning eyes are an expression of redness of the eyelid or conjunctiva, and the condition can be acute or chronic, causing sufferers to have sticky eyelids upon awakening. What are itchy eyes? Itchy eyes cause a burning, uncomfortable sensation; usually, itchy eyes are accompanied by many other symptoms, including foreign body dryness or a … Itchy Eyes: Causes, Treatment & Help
Products Cyclopentolate is commercially available in the form of eye drops (cyclogyl). It has been approved in many countries since 1968. Structure and properties Cyclopentolate (C17H25NO3, Mr = 291.4 g/mol) is present in drugs as cyclopentolate hydrochloride, a white crystalline powder. It is a racemate and a derivative of atropine, which is used for the … Cyclopentolate
Products Ofloxacin is commercially available as eye drops, eye ointment (Floxal, Floxal UD), tablets, and solution for injection (Tarivid). The active ingredient was approved in many countries in 1987, and the ophthalmic agents in 1992. The enantiomer levofloxacin is also on the market (Tavanic, generics). This article refers to ocular use. Structure and properties Ofloxacin … Ofloxacin
Symptoms In men, gonorrhea manifests mainly as inflammation of the urethra (urethritis) with pain, discomfort during urination, and purulent discharge. Rarely, the epididymis may also be involved, resulting in testicular pain and swelling. The infection may be complicated by involvement of other urogenital structures. In women, the pathogen usually triggers inflammation of the cervix (cervicitis) … Gonorrhea Infection
Products Cromoglicic acid eye drops have been approved in many countries since 1977 (Opticrom, generic). Structure and properties The eye drops contain sodium cromoglicate (C23H14Na2O11, Mr = 512.3 g/mol), a white, crystalline, hygroscopic powder that is soluble in water. It is the disodium salt of cromoglicic acid. Effects Sodium cromoglicate (ATC S01GX01) is mast cell … Cromoglicic Acid Eye Drops
Products Sympathomimetics are commercially available, for example, in the form of tablets, capsules, granules, injectable solutions, eye drops, and nasal sprays. Structure and properties Sympathomimetics are structurally derived from the natural neurotransmitters epinephrine and norepinephrine. Effects Sympathomimetics have sympathomimetic properties, meaning that they promote the effects of the sympathetic nervous system, a portion of the … Sympathomimetics
The parathyroid gland assumes an essential function in the human body through its involvement in the regulation of calcium and phosphate balance. Thus, it is all the more important to recognize and treat symptoms indicating disease in a timely manner. What is the parathyroid gland? Examination of the thyroid glands. The parathyroid glands, which are … Parathyroid Gland: Structure, Function & Diseases
Symptoms The majority of patients (approximately 80%) are asymptomatic or develop only mild symptoms. Approximately 20% experience flu-like symptoms (West Nile fever) such as fever, headache, feeling sick, nausea, vomiting, muscle aches, and skin rashes. Other symptoms such as conjunctivitis, hepatitis, movement disorders or confusion are possible. Less than 1% develop neuroinvasive disease with meningitis, … West Nile Virus
Products Tramazoline is commercially available in the form of nasal sprays, nasal drops, and as eye drops. The drugs are not registered in many countries. Structure and properties Tramazoline (C13H17N3, Mr = 215.3 g/mol) is an imidazoline derivative structurally related to naphazoline, oxymetazoline, and xylometazoline. Effects Tramazoline (ATC S01GA) is a vasoconstrictor and decongestant. The … Tramazoline
Behcet’s disease or Turkish. Behcet’s disease is a relapsing progressive immune disorder that primarily affects Southeast Asian and Turkish men 30 years of age and older. The main symptoms are frequently recurring aphthae and disorders of the eyes, especially inflammation and pus accumulation. Several options are available for therapy, the most important being the administration … Behcets Disease: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment
