Ventricular replacement rhythm is the electrical self-excitation of the ventricular muscles. When ventricular replacement rhythm occurs, the patient has a serious cardiac arrhythmia due to failure of the two upstream excitation centers, the sinus node and AV node. The body tries to ensure survival through the ventricular replacement rhythm. The ventricular beating rate is then … Ventricular Replacement Rhythm: Function, Role & Diseases
Depolarization is the cancellation of charge differences on the two membrane sides of a nerve or muscle cell. The membrane potential changes to a less negative one as a result. In diseases such as epilepsy, the depolarization behavior of nerve cells changes. What is depolarization? Depolarization is the cancellation of charge differences on the two … Depolarization: Function, Tasks, Role & Diseases
Repaglinide is an active substance, which is used in the disease diabetes mellitus type 2, when dietary measures, weight reduction and physical training do not sufficiently reduce blood sugar. By inhibiting the potassium channels of the beta cells in the pancreas, the drug leads to the release of insulin. If the dosage and intake conditions … Repaglinide: Effects, Uses & Risks
Repolarization is the excitation reversion of a cell that has previously established an action potential as a result of a stimulus. The cell’s resting membrane potential is restored. What is repolarization? The term repolarization describes the restored resting potential of a cell, specifically a nerve cell. The term repolarization describes the restored resting potential of … Repolarization: Function, Tasks, Role & Diseases
Long-term potentiation is the basis for neuronal plasticity and thus the remodeling of neuronal structures or circuitry in the nervous system. Without the process, neither the formation of memory nor learning experiences would be possible. Disturbances in longevity potentiation are present, for example, in diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease. What is long-term potentiation? Long-term potentiation … Long-term Potentiation: Function, Tasks, Role & Diseases
In medicine, cardiac output is the volume of blood pumped from the heart through the entire circulatory system in one minute. It thus represents the unit of measurement for the heart‘s pumping function and is also referred to as cardiac output. Cardiac output is obtained by multiplying the heart rate by the cardiac output. What … Cardiac Output: Function, Tasks, Role & Diseases
Spontaneous depolarization is characterized by a spontaneous reduction in membrane potential at the cell membrane. Depolarization serves to transmit electrical impulses from nerve or muscle cells. Thus, the pacemaker position of the sinus node is based on spontaneous depolarization of cardiac muscle cells. What is spontaneous depolarization? A spontaneous depolarization is characterized by a spontaneous … Spontaneous Depolarization: Function, Tasks, Role & Diseases
Suxamethonium or succinylcholine is a depolarizing muscle relaxant related to acetylcholine. It is used in anesthesia to induce temporary relaxation of muscles. In doing so, it acts at the Ach nicotinic receptor (acetylcholine receptor) of the muscular endplate, where it leads to permanent depolarization. What is suxamethonium? Suxamethonium (chemical name: 2,2′-[(1,4-dioxobutane-1,4-diyl)bis(oxy)]bis(N,N,N-trimethylethanaminium)) is an analog of … Suxamethonium: Effects, Uses & Risks
Hyperpolarization is a biological process in which the membrane voltage increases and exceeds the resting value. This mechanism is important for the function of muscle, nerve as well as sensory cells in the human body. Through it, actions such as muscle movement or vision can be enabled and controlled by the body. What is hyperpolarization? … Hyperpolarization: Function, Tasks, Role & Diseases
The inhibitory postsynaptic potential is an inhibitory signal. It is formed by the postsynaptic terminal of a synapse and leads to hyperpolarization of the membrane potential. As a result, no new action potential is generated by that neuron and none is transmitted. What is the inhibitory postsynaptic potential? The inhibitory postsynaptic potential is an inhibitory … Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potential: Function, Role & Diseases
Guanethidine is a drug used in the therapy of hypertension (high blood pressure) and in local anesthesia to numb certain nerves. The main pharmaceutical producer of guanethidine is the company Alcon, which markets the active ingredient under the name Thilodigon. Thus, guanethidine represents both an antihypertensive and an antisympathotonic agent. What is guanethidine? Guanethidine is … Guanethidine: Effects, Uses & Risks
Benzocaine is a drug from the active substance class of local anesthetics. The drug is used primarily in local pain therapy in the area of the skin and mucous membranes. What is benzocaine? Benzocaine is a drug from the active substance class of local anesthetics. Possible forms of application include sprays, powders, ointments, suppositories, and … Benzocaine: Effects, Uses & Risks
