diabetes mellitus

Candida Dubliniensis: Infection, Transmission & Diseases

Candida dubliniensis is a yeast fungus and is often found in the oral cavity of HIV or AIDS patients. In addition, it often co-occurs with Candida albicans in candidiasis. The similarity between Candida dubliniensis and Candida albicans makes correct identification of the microorganism difficult. What is Candida dubliniensis? In 1995, scientists distinguished Candida dubliniensis from … Candida Dubliniensis: Infection, Transmission & Diseases

ACE Inhibitors List, Effects, Side Effects

Products Most ACE inhibitors are commercially available in the form of tablets and film-coated tablets. The first agent from this group to be approved was captopril, in many countries in 1980. ACE inhibitors are often combined with the thiazide diuretic hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) fix. Structure and properties ACE inhibitors are peptidomimetics derived from peptides found in … ACE Inhibitors List, Effects, Side Effects

Benfluorex

Products Benfluorex was marketed in many countries as Mediaxal (150 mg, Servier) until 1998. Today, it is no longer on the market. In France and other European countries, it was available as Mediator, among other products. Its approval was not withdrawn in France until 2009, although the risk for cardiotoxic side effects of comparable drugs … Benfluorex

Contraindication: Treatment, Effect & Risks

A contraindication is when certain factors, such as age, pre-existing conditions or injuries, militate against a particular therapeutic or medical intervention. This medical term is derived from the Latin language of “contra” = “against” and “indicare” = indicate. The technical language also speaks of contraindication. If physicians ignore the presence of a contraindication, the patient … Contraindication: Treatment, Effect & Risks

Pasireotide

Products Pasireotide is commercially available as an injectable (Signifor, Signifor LAR). It was approved in the EU and many countries in 2012. Structure and properties Pasireotide (C59H67N9O9, Mr = 1046.2 g/mol) is present in the drug as pasireotide diaspartate or as pasireotide pamoate. It is a cyclohexapeptide and an analog of the hormone somatostatin. Somatostatin … Pasireotide

Calciphylaxis: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

Rare calciphylaxis is a marked calcification of small and minute skin arteries (arterioles). The condition is usually caused by severe kidney disease and secondary nephropathy-induced overproduction of parathyroid hormone in the parathyroid glands. Untreated calciphylaxis has a poor prognosis and is usually accompanied by painful ischemic bluish-black necrotic skin patches and ulceration in advanced stages. … Calciphylaxis: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

Ophthalmoplegia Progressiva Externa: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

Ophthalmoplegia progressiva externa is a progressive and genetic paralysis of the external eye muscles in the setting of mitochondriopathy. Drooping of the eyelids is considered the leading symptom, but cardiac arrhythmias may also occur. No causal therapy exists. What is ophthalmoplegia progressiva externa? The clinical term “ophthalmoplegia” refers to isolated paralysis of the internal or … Ophthalmoplegia Progressiva Externa: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

Exubera

Products The inhaled human insulin Exubera (Pfizer, powder inhalation) is no longer commercially available. It was withdrawn from the market in 2007 for commercial reasons. In 2014, a new product was approved in the United States; see Inhalable Insulin. Structure and properties Human insulin (C257H383N65O77S6, Mr = 5808 g/mol) is a polypeptide with the structure … Exubera