duration of effect

Amphetamines

Products Amphetamines are commercially available as drugs in the form of tablets, sustained-release tablets, capsules, and sustained-release capsules. Structure and properties Amphetamines are derivatives of amphetamine. It is a methylphenethylamine structurally related to endogenous monoamines and stress hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine. Amphetamines are racemates and the –enantiomers. Effects Amphetamines have sympathomimetic, central stimulant, bronchodilator, psychoactive, … Amphetamines

Fever Suppository

Effects Antipyretic Indications Fever of various causes Substances Antipyretics – fever-reducing agents: Paracetamol Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as diclofenac or ibuprofen. Alternative medicine agents, such as homeopathics. Advice The correct dosing interval must be observed (time between doses). Alternatively, syrups or other dosage forms can be used. See also under administering suppositories

Capsaicin

Products Capsaicin is commercially available in many countries as creams and patches, among other products. Capsaicin cream at 0.025% and 0.075% is not commercially available as a finished drug product. It is produced as a magisterial formulation in pharmacies. See also under the article capsaicin cream. Structure and properties Capsaicin (C18H27NO3, Mr = 305.4 g/mol) … Capsaicin

Glibenclamide

Products Glibenclamide is commercially available in tablet form (Daonil, generics). It has been approved in many countries since 1970 and is also used in fixed combination with metformin (Glucovance). Structure and properties Glibenclamide (C23H28ClN3O5S, Mr = 494.0 g/mol) is a sulfonylurea. It exists as a white crystalline powder that is practically insoluble in water. Effects … Glibenclamide

Fluorescein

Products Fluorescein is commercially available in the form of eye drops and as a solution for injection. Structure and properties Fluorescein sodium (C20H10Na2O5, Mr = 376.3 g/mol) is an orange-red, fine, hygroscopic powder that is readily soluble in water. Effects Dye (ATC S01JA01) for diagnostic use in ophthalmology. Fluorescein stains areas of the cornea whose … Fluorescein

Mepolizumab

Products Mepolizumab was approved in the US and EU in 2015 and in many countries in 2016 in the form of a solution for injection (Nucala). Structure and properties Mepolizumab is a humanized IgG1κ monoclonal antibody with a molecular mass of 149 kDa produced by biotechnological methods. Effects Mepolizumab (ATC R03DX09) has anti-inflammatory and antiasthmatic … Mepolizumab

Durvalumab

Products Durvalumab was approved as an infusion product in the United States in 2017 and in many countries and the EU in 2018 (Imfinzi). Structure and properties Durvalumab is a human IgG1κ monoclonal antibody. It is produced by biotechnological methods. Effects Durvalumab (ATC L01XC28) has selective immunostimulatory and antitumor properties. The effects are due to … Durvalumab

Denosumab

Products Denosumab is commercially available as a solution for injection in a prefilled syringe (Prolia). The antibody was approved in many countries, in the United States, and in the EU in 2010. Denosumab is also used in tumor therapy (Xgeva). This article relates to osteoporosis treatment. Structure and properties Denosumab is a human IgG2 monoclonal … Denosumab

How painful is that? | Conduction anesthesia at the dentist

How painful is that? With a block anaesthesia, as with all other forms of anaesthesia, there is the typical puncture pain. This can be somewhat more uncomfortable in the upper jaw during conduction anesthesia, because the mucous membrane on the palate is particularly thin. This is why anaesthesia in this area causes greater pain, as … How painful is that? | Conduction anesthesia at the dentist

What does a block anaesthesia cost? | Conduction anesthesia at the dentist

What does a block anaesthesia cost? Conduction anesthesia is usually covered by the statutory health insurance companies, as pain elimination must be guaranteed during treatment. According to BEMA’s billing items, intraoral block anaesthesia can be billed through item 41a and costs 11.20€. The extraoral form (position 41b) costs 15€. For privately insured patients the intraoral … What does a block anaesthesia cost? | Conduction anesthesia at the dentist

What can be done if a block anaesthesia does not work | Conduction anesthesia at the dentist

What can be done if a block anaesthesia does not work There are several reasons why a block anaesthesia does not work. Mostly this is the case with the anaesthesia in the mandibular foramen in the lower jaw. Due to the difficult anatomical conditions and the individual nerve course of the patient, the anesthesia often … What can be done if a block anaesthesia does not work | Conduction anesthesia at the dentist