Products Octreotide is commercially available as an injectable (Sandostatin, Sandostatin LAR, generics). It has been approved in many countries since 1988. Structure and properties Octreotide is a synthetic octapeptide derivative of the hormone somatostatin. It is present in the drug as octreotide acetate and has the following structure: D-Phe-Cys-Phe-D-Trp-Lys-Thr-Cys-Thr-ol, xCH3COOH (x = 1.4 to 2.5). … Octreotide
The syringe is one of the most well-known medical instruments. Among other things, it is used to administer injections. What is a syringe? A disposable syringe is a syringe that receives sterile packaging and is used only once. With the help of a syringe, liquid medications can be administered by injection. These agents are also … Syringe: Applications & Health Benefits
Products An inhalable insulin preparation containing a rapid-acting human insulin was approved in the United States in 2014 (Afrezza, powder inhalation). The drug has not yet been registered in many countries. Pfizer’s first inhalable insulin Exubera was withdrawn from the market in 2007 for commercial reasons; see Exubera. Structure and properties Human insulin (C257H383N65O77S6, Mr … Inhalable Insulin
It is one of the vital hormones, whose overproduction as well as its deficiency can have serious consequences. We are talking about insulin. What is insulin? Insulin is a hormone, also called a messenger substance, of particular importance. Not least because no other hormone can replace it, it is essential for human survival. However, insulin … Insulin: Function & Diseases
Sugar in the urine (glucosuria) is closely related to elevated blood glucose levels. Depending on the cause, individually effective therapeutic measures differ. What is glucosuria? Physicians speak of sugar in the urine (also referred to as urinary sugar, urine sugar, or glucosuria) when there is an increased amount of glucose in the urine. Physicians speak … Sugar in Urine (Glucosuria): Causes, Treatment & Help
Motor proteins belong to the group of cytoskeletal proteins. The cytoskeleton serves to stabilize the cell as well as its movement as well as the transport mechanisms in the cell. What are motor proteins? The group of cytoskeletal proteins is composed of motor proteins, regulatory proteins, Brϋck proteins, boundary proteins, and Gerϋst proteins. Motor proteins … Motor Proteins: Function & Diseases
Effects Glitazars combine the lipid-lowering effects of fibrates (lower triglycerides and LDL, increase HDL) with the antidiabetic effect of glitazones, which increase tissue sensitivity to insulin. Mechanism of action Glitazars have a dual mechanism of action. On the one hand, they activate the nuclear receptor PPAR-alpha, the drug target of fibrates, and on the other … Glitazare
Diabetes mellitus is the most common metabolic disease in industrialized countries. Diabetes mellitus is characterized by chronically elevated blood glucose, which is the result of a disturbance in the blood glucose control circuit. The cause can be impaired insulin secretion or production, reduced insulin action, or both. But how long has insulin been available to … History of Insulin
Products Gliclazide has been commercially available in sustained-release tablet form and approved in many countries since 1978. The sustained-release dosage forms entered the market in 2001. In addition to the original Diamicron MR, sustained-release generics have been available since 2008. Sales of the non-retarded Diamicron 80 mg were discontinued in 2012. Structure and properties Gliclazide … Gliclazide
Products Tofogliflozin was approved in Japan in 2014 (initial registration, Apleway, Deberza). The drug is not currently registered in many countries. Structure and properties Tofogliflozin (C22H26O6, Mr = 386.4 g/mol) Effects Tofogliflozin has antidiabetic and antihyperglycemic properties. It is a selective inhibitor of sodium–glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2). This transporter is responsible for the reabsorption of … Tofogliflozin
The field of pharmacology researches the effects of drugs, deals with the development of new drugs and their application and effect on the human organism, which are previously tested in animal experiments and, in approved cases, on human subjects. What is pharmacology? The field of pharmacology researches the effects of drugs, deals with the development … Pharmacology: Treatment, Effects & Risks
Products Insulin glargine is commercially available as an injectable (Lantus). It has been approved in many countries since 2002. The biosimilar Abasaglar (LY2963016) was approved in the EU in 2014 and in many countries in 2015. The drugs must be stored between 2 to 8°C in a refrigerator. In 2015, Toujeo was additionally approved in … Insulin Glargine
