How levonorgestrel works As a progestogen, levonorgestrel influences the body’s regulation of the menstrual cycle. This can be roughly divided into two phases, each of which lasts about two weeks: the follicular phase and the luteal phase. Ovulation heralds the second half of the cycle, the luteal phase. The ovary or the ovarian follicle that … Levonorgestrel: Effects, applications, side effects
Definition The dispensing of licensed medicines is strictly regulated by law in many countries. Drugs may be available by prescription (prescription-only), nonprescription, and over-the-counter. Typical dispensing points are pharmacies, drugstores and doctors’ offices, provided that self-dispensing is permitted by the canton. Category E drugs may also be sold in the retail trade, for example in … Dispensing Categories of Medicinal Products
Single administration Many medications are administered daily over a long period of time, such as agents for high blood pressure or lipid-lowering agents such as statins for disorders of lipid metabolism. However, various drugs also exist for which a single dose, i.e., a single administration, is sufficient. If necessary, it can be repeated after a … Single Dose
Products Drospirenone is commercially available as a fixed combination with ethinyl estradiol for contraception in the form of film-coated tablets (Yasmin, Yasminelle, YAZ, generics, auto-generics). Drospirenone is also used in combination with estradiol for hormone replacement therapy (Angeliq). Bayer’s originals Yasmin, Yasminelle and YAZ will go off the market in many countries in December 2021. … Drospirenone
Products The so-called “morning-after pill” is commercially available in many countries in the form of tablets and film-coated tablets. It is also available in pharmacies under medical treatment or after a structured consultation with dispensing documentation. An alternative is the copper IUD (“morning-after coil”). The name “pill” is not correct from a pharmaceutical point of … Morning-After Pill for Contraception
Products Ulipristal acetate was approved in the EU in 2009 and in the United States in 2010 (ellaOne, film-coated tablets). In many countries, ulipristal acetate was registered in late 2012. Since February 1, 2016, the morning-after pill has been available in pharmacies without a doctor’s prescription after a consultation and dispensing documentation (see also under … Ulipristal Acetate
Products Dienogest is commercially available in many countries as a fixed combination with estradiol valerate in tablet form (Qlaira). Furthermore, a monopreparation for endometriosis therapy is available (Visanne, see under Dienogest Endometriosis). The fixed combination with ethinyl estradiol (Valette, generic) was approved in many countries in 2014. Dienogest + estradiol Qlaira has been on the … Dienogest
Products The so-called four-period pill Seasonique was approved in many countries in 2016. It has been available in the United States since 2006, and in several European countries since 2015. One pack of Seasonique contains: 84 pink film-coated tablets containing ethinyl estradiol and levonorgestrel (for 12 weeks). 7 white film-coated tablets with low-dose ethinyl estradiol … Four Period Pill
Contraceptive methods Hormonal methods: Oral contraceptives (birth control pills). Three-month injection (Depo-Provera). Contraceptive rod (Implanon) Contraceptive ring (NuvaRing) Contraceptive patch (Evra, Lisvy) “Morning-after pill”: levonorgestrel (NorLevo, generics), ulipristal acetate (ellaOne). Progestogen coil Testosterone for men (not approved) Mechanical methods: Male condoms Condoms for the woman Diaphragms Cervical cap Vaginal douche Chemical methods: Spermicides, such as … Contraceptives
Products Oral contraceptives are commercially available in the form of film-coated tablets and coated tablets. Numerous products with different active ingredients are available from different manufacturers. Structure and properties Oral contraceptives usually contain an estrogen (mainly ethinyl estradiol, sometimes estradiol) and a progestin. Preparations are also available that contain only a progestin (minipill, e.g., desogestrel, … Oral Contraceptives
Products Levonorgestrel is commercially available as the so-called morning-after pill in tablet form (e.g., NorLevo, generics). It is available under a doctor’s care. Since 2002, it may also be sold in pharmacies for emergency contraception after structured professional counseling and dispensing documentation. Levonorgestrel is also contained in other hormonal contraceptives. These are tablets containing ethinyl … Levonorgestrel
Products Progestogens are commercially available in the form of tablets, capsules, transdermal patches and gels, vaginal rings, injectables, and vaginal preparations, among others. They are contained in hormonal contraceptives, on the one hand in mono- and on the other hand in combination preparations. Structure and properties Progestins are steroid hormones. The lead substance is the … Progestins
