mannitol

Cystic Fibrosis: Causes and Treatment

Symptoms In cystic fibrosis (CF, cystic fibrosis), different organ systems are affected, resulting in a heterogeneous clinical picture with symptoms of varying severity: Lower respiratory tract: Chronic cough with viscous mucus formation, obstruction, recurrent infectious diseases, e.g., with , inflammation, remodeling of the lungs (fibrosis), pneumothorax, respiratory insufficiency, shortness of breath, wheezing, oxygen deficiency. Upper … Cystic Fibrosis: Causes and Treatment

Manna

Stem plant Oleaceae, manna ash. Medicinal drug Manna is the sap obtained by cutting into the bark of L. (Oleaceae) (manna ash) and solidified (PH 5) The fruits of L. are also called manna. Ingredients Mannitol Effects Laxative Indications for use Constipation Dosage Daily dose 20 to 30 g; Do not take over a long … Manna

Mannitol

Products Mannitol is commercially available as a powder and as an infusion preparation. The pure substance is available in pharmacies and drugstores. Structure and properties D-mannitol (C6H14O6, Mr = 182.2 g/mol) exists as white crystals or white powder that dissolves readily in water. Mannitol is a hexavalent sugar alcohol and occurs naturally in plants, algae, … Mannitol

Laxative

Products Laxatives are available in numerous dosage forms. These include, for example, tablets, drops, suppositories, powders, granules, solutions, syrups and enemas. Structure and properties Laxatives do not have a uniform chemical structure. However, groups can be identified (see below). Effects Laxatives have laxative properties. They stimulate bowel emptying by different mechanisms depending on the active … Laxative

Sorbitol

Products Sorbitol is found alone or in combination with other active ingredients in various laxatives (e.g., Pursana). It is also marketed as an open product and as a solution. Structure and properties Sorbitol (C6H14O6, Mr = 182.2 g/mol) exists as D-sorbitol, a white crystalline powder with a sweet taste that is very soluble in water. … Sorbitol

Isosorbide Dinitrate

Products Isosorbide dinitrate is commercially available in many countries in the form of tablets, sustained-release tablets, sustained-release capsules, as an infusion concentrate, and as a spray (Isoket). The drug first came on the market in the 1940s. Structure and properties Isosorbide dinitrate (C6H8N2O8, Mr = 236.14 g/mol) exists as a white, fine, crystalline and odorless … Isosorbide Dinitrate

Isomalt

Products Isomalt is found in numerous processed products. As a pure ingredient, it is available in specialty stores. Structure and properties Isomalt (C12H24O11, Mr = 344.3 g/mol) exists as an odorless, white, crystalline powder and is readily soluble in water. It is prepared from sucrose and consists of a mixture of glucose–sorbitol and glucose-mannitol. Isomalt … Isomalt

Auxiliary Materials

Definition On the one hand, drugs contain the active ingredients that mediate the pharmacological effects. On the other hand, they consist of excipients, which are used for the production or to support and regulate the drug effect. Placebos, which consist only of excipients and contain no active ingredients, are an exception. Excipients can be of … Auxiliary Materials

Diuretics (Water Pills): Effects, Side Effects, Dosage and Uses

Products Diuretics are mainly administered in the form of tablets. In addition, injectables are also commercially available. Among the most commonly prescribed diuretics are loop diuretics (torasemide). Effects Diuretics (ATC C03) have diuretic and antihypertensive properties. Through various mechanisms, they cause increased excretion of water and electrolytes in the urine. They are active at the … Diuretics (Water Pills): Effects, Side Effects, Dosage and Uses

FODMAP

Symptoms Ingestion of FODMAP may cause digestive disturbances: Increase in motility and water content in the small intestine, shortening of transit time, urge to defecate, diarrhea. Constipation Gas formation, flatulence Expansion of the intestinal lumen (distension), abdominal pain, abdominal cramps. Nausea This can trigger and aggravate symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease. … FODMAP

Direct Granules

Products Active ingredients available as direct granules include, for example, the painkiller acetylsalicylic acid, paracetamol, vitamins, minerals, trace elements, the stimulant caffeine, and various slimming products. Definition and properties Direct granules are fine-grained drugs, dietary supplements or medical devices that can be taken quickly without water and dissolve in the mouth. They are usually packaged … Direct Granules

Food Intolerance

Symptoms After eating the triggering food, digestive disturbances usually develop within hours. These include: Flatulence, bloating Abdominal pain, abdominal cramps Diarrhea Stomach burns Depending on the trigger, pseudoallergic reactions such as a hives, rhinitis and respiratory disorders may also occur. According to the literature, up to 20% of the population is affected. The disorders typically … Food Intolerance