Risk of Depression due to Hormonal Contraception

The relationship between changes in mood and drive, or depressiveness, and the use of hormonal contraceptives has long been discussed and studied. Estrogens are thought to have more of an antidepressant effect, while progestins are more likely to have a mood-dampening effect. Danish authors published a large, population-based, prospective cohort study that for the first … Risk of Depression due to Hormonal Contraception

Heart Muscle Diseases (Cardiomyopathies): Drug Therapy

Therapeutic Targets Improvement of quality of life or expectancy. Avoidance of complications (eg, malignant arrhythmogenic events/life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias)). Therapy recommendations Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM) This is an abnormal enlargement (dilation) of the heart muscle, especially the left ventricle (heart chamber). For therapy: Causal (cause-related) therapy: Cardiomyopathy caused by viruses can be treated with interferon (immunostimulation drug) … Heart Muscle Diseases (Cardiomyopathies): Drug Therapy

Hip Osteoarthritis (Coxarthrosis): Cartilage-Protective Agents (Chondroprotectants)

Chondroprotectants inhibit cartilage-degrading substances and thus reduce further loss of protective cartilage. At the same time, they promote the regeneration of cartilage tissue.Furthermore, they are believed to have an anti-inflammatory effect. As a result, there is a reduction in pain, swelling and improved joint mobility. The greatest success is achieved by injecting chondroprotectants directly into … Hip Osteoarthritis (Coxarthrosis): Cartilage-Protective Agents (Chondroprotectants)

Depression: Complications

The following are the most important diseases or complications that may be contributed to by depression: Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic disorders (E00-E90). Obesity (obesity). Diabetes mellitus type 2 Gestational diabetes (pregnancy diabetes) Malnutrition (malnutrition) Malnutrition Factors influencing health status and leading to health care utilization (Z00-Z99). Suicide (suicide) Skin and subcutaneous tissue (L00-L99) Herpes zoster … Depression: Complications

Pneumonia: Causes

Pathogenesis (development of disease) Pneumonia usually results from descending (ascending) infections, but it can also result from aspiration (entry of foreign bodies or fluid into the respiratory tract) and hematogenous (“caused by the blood“) dissemination. In this case, the pathogens usually have several virulence factors (characteristic of a microorganism that determines its pathogenic effect) that … Pneumonia: Causes

Poisonings (Intoxications): Diagnostic Tests

Mandatory medical device diagnostics. Measurement of blood pressure and pulse rate Electrocardiogram (ECG; recording of the electrical activity of the heart muscle). Measurement of arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2). Optional medical device diagnostics – depending on the results of the history, physical examination, laboratory diagnostics and obligatory medical device diagnostics – for differential diagnostic clarification in … Poisonings (Intoxications): Diagnostic Tests

COVID-19: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment

SARS-CoV-2 (synonyms: novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV); 2019-nCoV (2019-novel coronavirus; coronavirus 2019-nCoV); Wuhan coronavirus; ICD-10-GM U07.1G: COVID-19, virus detected) may lead to a pulmonary disease called COVID-19 (Engl. Corona virus disease 2019; synonym: Novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia (NCIP); ICD-10-GM U07.2: COVID-19; secondarily also J06.9: Acute upper respiratory tract infection, unspecified or J12.8: Pneumonia due to other viruses). This … COVID-19: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment

COVID-19: Causes

Pathogenesis (disease development) The disease is caused by SARS-CoV-2 (synonyms: novel coronavirus: 2019-nCoV; NCIP-associated coronavirus, NCIP-CoV; 2019-nCoV (2019-novel coronavirus; 2019 novel coronavirus)). The virus belongs to lineage B of the beta coronaviruses; it is an enveloped (+)ssRNA virus. The mucus-producing goblet cells and ciliated cells in the nasal cavity are likely the first target cells … COVID-19: Causes

Olfactory Disorders (Dysosmia)

Olfactory disorders (synonyms: dysosmia, olfactory disorder, olfactory disorder) are classified as follows: Quantitative classification of olfaction Anosmia (ICD-10-GM R43.0). Functional anosmia: low residual ability, meaningful use of the sense of smell in everyday life not possible Complete anosmia: complete loss of olfaction/loss of sense of smell (loss of smell); no residual ability to smell. Hyposmia … Olfactory Disorders (Dysosmia)

Gastrointestinal Bleeding: Therapy

Thank you procedure and risk assessment The approach to gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) must be based primarily on the clinical symptoms and localization of the source of bleeding. Occult hemorrhage can be promptly evaluated as an outpatient at rest: Esophago-gastro-duodenoscopy (ÖGD; endoscopic examination of the esophagus (food pipe), the gaster (stomach)) and the duodenum (duodenum)) and/or … Gastrointestinal Bleeding: Therapy