Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome

COVID-19: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment

SARS-CoV-2 (synonyms: novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV); 2019-nCoV (2019-novel coronavirus; coronavirus 2019-nCoV); Wuhan coronavirus; ICD-10-GM U07.1G: COVID-19, virus detected) may lead to a pulmonary disease called COVID-19 (Engl. Corona virus disease 2019; synonym: Novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia (NCIP); ICD-10-GM U07.2: COVID-19; secondarily also J06.9: Acute upper respiratory tract infection, unspecified or J12.8: Pneumonia due to other viruses). This … COVID-19: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment

COVID-19: Complications

The following are the major diseases or complications that may be contributed to by SARS-CoV-2 (novel coronavirus: 2019-nCoV) or COVID-19 (corona virus disease 2019): Respiratory System (J00-J99) Atypical pneumonia (pneumonia): COVID-19 (Engl. Corona virus disease 2019; synonym: Engl. Novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia (NCIP))Note: Occurrence also possible in children (median 3 years; 1-7 years). COVID-19 pneumonia runs … COVID-19: Complications

COVID-19: Examination

A comprehensive clinical examination is the basis for selecting further diagnostic steps: General physical examination – including blood pressure, pulse, body temperature, body weight, body height; further: Inspection (viewing). Skin, mucous membranes, sclerae (white part of the eye). Abdomen (abdomen) Shape of the abdomen? Skin color? Skin texture? Efflorescences (skin changes)? Pulsations? Bowel movements? Visible … COVID-19: Examination

COVID-19: Lab Test

1st order laboratory parameters – obligatory laboratory tests. CBC [lymphopenia/deficiency of lymphocytes (belonging to white blood cells)] (83.2%). Small blood count [leukopenia (deficiency of leukocytes (white blood cells)] (33.7%) [thrombocytopenia/diseased reduction of platelets/platelets] (36.2%) Inflammatory parameters – CRP (C-reactive protein) or PCT (procalcitonin) [CRP: frequently elevated; very high values correlate with poorer prognosis; PCT: usually … COVID-19: Lab Test

COVID-19: Drug Therapy

Therapy goals Symptom relief Treat complications and respiratory insufficiency (inadequate breathing resulting in inadequate gas exchange). Prevent the spread of infection Therapy recommendations Treat according to the current guideline for “suspected nCoV infection of adult and pediatric patients with severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) in hospital” [guidelines: WHO]. Symptomatic therapy: including acid-base balance and electrolytes … COVID-19: Drug Therapy

COVID-19: Diagnostic Tests

Mandatory medical device diagnostics. Radiograph of the chest (radiographic thorax/chest), in two planes [pulmonary infiltrates]Note: In patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, radiologists classified 58% of radiographs as normal. Computed tomography of the thorax (chest CT) (gold standard)-if pneumonia is suspected. [primary findings: milk glass infiltrates (bilateral/bilateral milk glass opacities) and a consolidation of lung segments. … COVID-19: Diagnostic Tests

COVID-19: Prevention

To prevent infection with SARS-CoV-2 (novel coronavirus: 2019-nCoV) or COVID-19 (corona virus disease 2019), attention must be paid to reducing individual risk factors. Behavioral risk factors Avoid contact with ill persons during the phase of infection. Note the routes of transmission of the pathogen (route of infection): By droplet infection, i.e. primarily via secretions of … COVID-19: Prevention

COVID-19: Symptoms, Complaints, Signs

The following symptoms and complaints may indicate SARS-CoV-2 (novel coronavirus: 2019-nCoV) or COVID-19 (corona virus disease 2019): Prodromal symptoms (precursor symptoms). Fever > 38 °C, chills (98.6%) (on admission to hospital: 43.8%; during hospitalization: 88.7%)Note: some patients experience nausea (nausea) and diarrhea (diarrhea) before the onset of fever General feeling of illness Myalgia (muscle pain) … COVID-19: Symptoms, Complaints, Signs

COVID-19: Causes

Pathogenesis (disease development) The disease is caused by SARS-CoV-2 (synonyms: novel coronavirus: 2019-nCoV; NCIP-associated coronavirus, NCIP-CoV; 2019-nCoV (2019-novel coronavirus; 2019 novel coronavirus)). The virus belongs to lineage B of the beta coronaviruses; it is an enveloped (+)ssRNA virus. The mucus-producing goblet cells and ciliated cells in the nasal cavity are likely the first target cells … COVID-19: Causes

COVID-19: Therapy

General measures Hand washing incl. forearms (also applies to the face if you have been with people indoors): see this under Prevention/Preventive MeasuresNote: The German Dermatological Society (DDG) recommends disinfecting hands in pandemic times instead of too much washing with soap. However, after each disinfect and after each hand washing the skin should be creamed … COVID-19: Therapy

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS): Medical History

Medical history (history of illness) represents an important component in the diagnosis of SARS infection. Family history What is the general health of your family members? Social history What is your profession? When and where were you last on vacation? Have you had contact with sick persons recently (10 days)? Are these persons suspected of … Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS): Medical History

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS): Or something else? Differential Diagnosis

Respiratory System (J00-J99) Respiratory infection, unspecified Pneumonia, interstitial (pneumonia; caused by other pathogens: e.g., chlamydia, legionella, mycoplasma, influenza and parainfluenza viruses, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), adenoviruses). Infectious and parasitic diseases (A00-B99). Infectious diseases caused by viruses, bacteria, etc., unspecified Influenza (flu) Influenza-like Illness – generic term for infectious disease of the respiratory tract caused by … Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS): Or something else? Differential Diagnosis