sulfadoxine

Sulfonamides

Effect Antibacterial Bakeriostatic Antiparasitic against protozoa Mechanism of action Sulfonamides inhibit the synthesis of folic acid in microorganisms. They are structural analogues (antimetabolites) of the natural substrate p-aminobenzoic acid and competitively displace it. Trimethoprim, used in combination with sulfamethoxazole, has a synergistic effect. Indications Bacterial infectious diseases caused by: Streptococcus Pneumococcus Actinomycetes Nocardia, e.g. nocaridosis … Sulfonamides

Toxoplasmosis Causes and Treatment

Symptoms Toxoplasmosis is usually asymptomatic and unnoticed if the immune status is normal. It may manifest as flu-like symptoms such as muscle and joint pain, sore throat, swollen lymph nodes, headache, fever, and fatigue. The infection leads to immunity. If the immune system is weakened, such as observed in HIV infection and when taking immunosuppressants … Toxoplasmosis Causes and Treatment

Pyrimethamine

Products Pyrimethamine is commercially available in tablet form (Daraprim). The combination Fansidar (+ sulfadoxine) is off the market (malaria). Structure and properties Pyrimethamine (C12H13ClN4, Mr = 248.7 g/mol) is a diaminopyrimidine. It exists as a white crystalline powder or as colorless crystals and is practically insoluble in water. Effects Pyrimethamine (ATC P01BD01) has antiparasitic properties. … Pyrimethamine

Antimalarials

Effects Antiparasitic against plasmodia. Indications Malaria Malaria prophylaxis Also for the treatment of rheumatic diseases, lupus erythematosus. Off-label: some antimalarials such as quinine and chloroquine are used off-label to treat calf cramps. Active ingredients Aminoquinolines: Amodiaquine Chloroquine (Nivaquine, out of commerce). Hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil) Mepacrine Pamaquin Piperaquine Primaquine Tafenoquin (crinoline) Biguanides: Proguanil (Malarone + Atovaquone). Cycloguanilembonate … Antimalarials