In vitro studies demonstrate that constituents of rose root extract have inhibitory effects on various enzyme activities (e.g., CYP3A4, CYP19). CYP3A4 is used to metabolize (metabolize) drugs and CYP19 catalyzes estrogen synthesis. Interactions with drugs and food are possible, but have not been observed in animal or human studies to date. Therefore, due to the … Rose Root (Rhodiola Rosea): Interactions
Rose root is mainly used as an herbal remedy. In the Komi Republic in the Northern Urals, a handful of the dried roots was poured over 500 ml of vodka or boiled water and used as a tincture or extract. Especially in Siberia, Alaska and Greenland, rose root is sometimes consumed as a vegetable or … Rose Root (Rhodiola Rosea): Food
The German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR) has conducted a risk assessment for Rhodiola rosea and concluded that there is no hazard potential at daily doses of 100-1,800 mg of rose root (mostly as root extract) Rose root contains, among other substances, the cyanogenic glycoside lotaustralin. When the plant is injured, cyanides (salts of … Rose Root (Rhodiola Rosea): Safety Assessment
Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is a hormone of the pineal gland, a part of the diencephalon. It is produced by the pinealocytes in the pineal gland. Melatonin promotes sleep and controls the day-night rhythm. Synthesis Melatonin is produced from the essential amino acid tryptophan via the intermediate serotonin. Synthesis proceeds as follows: L-tryptophan is converted to 5-hydroxytryptophan … Melatonin: Definition, Synthesis, Absorption, Transport, and Distribution
The action of melatonin at the cellular level occurs through two distinct regulatory circuits, two of which are of paramount importance. These are G protein-coupled melatonin receptor 1 (MT1) and melatonin receptor 2 (MT2), which is also G protein-coupled. MT1 influences reproduction (reproduction), metabolism (metabolism) and vasoconstriction (vasoconstriction); MT2 is required for the transmission of … Melatonin: Functions
Because melatonin is metabolized primarily by CYP1A enzymes, it may interact with drugs that are also metabolized by or inhibit CYP1A. CYP1A inhibitors include estrogens in the form of contraceptives and hormone replacement therapy (HER) or the antidepressant fluvoxamine. Simultaneous use of melatonin with CYP1A inhibitors results in melatonin excess. Nicotine abuse, in turn, reduces … Melatonin: Interactions
In their study, Vennemann et al recorded the average choline intake of Europeans. This is between 244-373 mg/day in young adults (10-18 years), 291-468 mg/day in adults in the range (18-65 years), and 284-450 mg/day in older individuals. They compiled, based on the results of 12 European studies, an overview of total choline intake in … Choline: Supply Situation
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10; synonym: ubiquinone) is a vitaminoid (vitamin-like substance) discovered in 1957 at the University of Wisconsin. The elucidation of its chemical structure was carried out one year later by the working group led by the natural products chemist Prof. K. Folkers. Coenzymes Q are compounds of oxygen (O2), hydrogen (H) and carbon (C) … Coenzyme Q10: Definition, Synthesis, Absorption, Transport, and Distribution
Two-time Nobel laureate Prof. Dr. Linus Pauling called coenzyme Q10 one of the greatest enrichments among natural substances that can promote human health. Numerous studies not only prove the positive effects of Q10 in the therapy of various diseases, such as tumor diseases, heart failure (cardiac insufficiency), myocardial infarction (heart attack), hypertension (high blood pressure) … Coenzyme Q10: Functions
Intake recommendations of the German Nutrition Society (DGE) are not yet available for coenzyme Q10. Coenzyme Q10 content – given in mg -. per 100 g food Vegetables and salads Milk, dairy products, egg Meat Onion 0,1 Cheese general max. 0.4 Pig- 3,2 Potato 0,1 Butter 0,6 meat Cauliflower 0,14 Beef 3,3 White cabbage 0,16 … Coenzyme Q10: Food
There are no known subjective symptoms of coenzyme Q10 deficiency. However, it is considered certain that a deficiency can promote some diseases.
Choline or its derived compounds play an essential role in many physiological processes: Phospholipids, especially phosphatidyl choline (PC), are found in large quantities in all biological membranes. There, they play an important role in their structure and functions, such as the transmission of signals and the transport of substances. Metabolism and transport of lipids and … Choline: Functions
