Achalasia: Examination

A comprehensive clinical examination is the basis for selecting further diagnostic steps: General physical examination – including blood pressure, pulse, body weight, height; further: Inspection (viewing). Skin and mucous membranes of the mouth/throat. Palpation (palpation) of the abdomen (abdomen) (tenderness?, knocking pain?, coughing pain?, defensive tension?, hernial orifices?, renal bearing knocking pain?). Health check

Malaria: Causes

Pathogenesis (development of disease) Malaria is caused by the various species of the genus Plasmodium (Plasmodium falciparum; Plasmodium vivax; Plasmodium ovale; Plasmodium malariae; Plasmodium knowlesi; Plasmodium semiovale). These have a two-part development cycle, one part of which (sexual cycle) occurs in the vector mosquito (Anopheles) and another in humans. If the pathogen has been transmitted … Malaria: Causes

Sick Building Syndrome: Symptoms, Complaints, Signs

The following symptoms and complaints may indicate sick building syndrome: Mucosal irritation in the nasopharynx (nasopharynx). Eye burning Rhinitis (cold) Hoarseness Respiratory infections and cough such as bronchitis – inflammation of the bronchi. Worsening of pre-existing respiratory diseases such as bronchial asthma. Allergic reactions Xeroderma (dry skin) Pruritus (itching) Exanthem (rash) Headache Fatigue Weakened immune … Sick Building Syndrome: Symptoms, Complaints, Signs

Chondroblastoma: Complications

The following are the most important diseases or complications that may be contributed to by chondroblastoma: Musculoskeletal system and connective tissue (M00-M99). Restriction of movement due to limitation of joint activity. Secondary osteoarthritis (joint wear) – in the case of chondroblastoma close to the joint surface, esp. at the proximal (towards the center of the … Chondroblastoma: Complications

Chondroblastoma: Examination

A comprehensive clinical examination is the basis for selecting further diagnostic steps: General physical examination – including blood pressure, pulse, body weight, height; further: Inspection (viewing). Skin and mucous membranes Neck Extremities: [swelling? Size; consistency; displaceability of skin relative to underlying surface. Deformity of joints and bones?] Spine, thorax (chest). Gait pattern (fluid, limping) Body … Chondroblastoma: Examination

Rib Fracture: Symptoms, Complaints, Signs

The following symptoms and complaints may indicate a rib fracture (rib fracture): Breath-dependent pain in the area of the fractured rib. Respiratory insufficiency in unstable thorax (chest), pulmonary contusion (lung contusion). Notice. In children, the incidence of associated head, chest, abdominal, and solid organ injuries is considerably higher than in adults with rib fractures.

Ewing’s Sarcoma: Complications

The following are the most important diseases or complications that may be contributed to by Ewing sarcoma: Neoplasms – Tumor Diseases (C00-D48). Metastasis (daughter tumors) – esp. to the lungs, but also to the rest of the skeleton, bone marrow, rarely regional lymph nodes Symptoms and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings not classified elsewhere (R00-R99). … Ewing’s Sarcoma: Complications

Pseudoallergy

Pseudoallergy (synonyms: Abnormal drug effect; Drug-induced development of tolerance; Drug reaction n.d.; Drug intolerance; Drug hypersensitivity; Histamine intolerance (HIT)/histaminosis; Histamine intolerance; Histamine hypersensitivity; Idiosyncrasia; ICD-10 T78.1: Other food intolerance, not elsewhere classified) is to be classified in the group of “nonallergic or nonimmunologic hypersensitivities” because no immunologic mechanisms are detectable. The symptoms resemble an allergy … Pseudoallergy

Diabetes Mellitus Type 2: Or something else? Differential Diagnosis

Congenital malformations, deformities, and chromosomal abnormalities (Q00-Q99). Genetic lipodystrophy including lipatrophic diabetes. Hereditary neuromuscular diseases. Mendenhall syndrome – group of extreme insulin-resistant syndromes (together with leprechaunism, the lipodystrophies and insulin resistance syndromes type A and B); Mendenhall syndrome has an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance: growth retardation starting already intrauterin (“in utero”) Myotonic dystrophy Myotonic … Diabetes Mellitus Type 2: Or something else? Differential Diagnosis

Antisense Process

In the antisense process, antisense oligonucleotides (short single-stranded noncoding ribonucleic acids) are introduced into the cell mostly through liposomes (vesicles often consisting of phospholipids). In this process, the mRNA is degraded within a short time. A cell nucleus introduction of a gene coding for the mRNA by means of vectors (modified plasmid (DNA ring) of … Antisense Process

Tonsillitis (Tonsils Inflammation): Causes

Pathogenesis (development of disease) Tonsillitis causes inflammation of the palatine tonsils (tonsilla palatina). The pharyngeal tonsils (tonsilla pharyngealis) and lingual tonsils (tonsilla lingualis) of the lymphatic pharyngeal ring (Waldeyer’s pharyngeal ring) may also be affected.Viral tonsillitis typically causes a lymphocytic inflammatory response in this setting, whereas bacterial tonsillitis causes granulocytic inflammation (inflammation by granulocytes/white blood … Tonsillitis (Tonsils Inflammation): Causes