Uterus

Synonyms

uterus, metra, hystera ovary, pregnancy, menstrual cycle, ovaries

• Uterus – uterus
• Cervix – Fundus uteri
• Endometrium – tunica mucosa
• Uterine cavity – Cavitas uteri
• Peritoneal cover – Tunica serosa
• Cervix – Ostium uteri
• Uterine body – Corpus uteri
• Uterine constriction – Isthmus uteri
• Vagina – Vagina
• Pubic symphysis pubica
• Urinary bladder – Vesica urinaria
• Rectum – rectum

Based on their structure (anatomy), the physician divides them into different sections. The lower part of the uterus, which follows the vagina, is called the cervix (cervix uteri). It is divided into a part that reaches into the vagina (Portio vaginalis cervicis) and a part that lies above the vagina (Portio supravaginalis cervicis).

The part reaching into the vagina contains the external opening of the uterus, the so-called external cervix (ostium anatomicum uterinum externum). The part of the cervix above the vagina contains the inner cervix (ostium anatomicum uterinum internum). An approximately 0.8 cm long constriction (isthmus uteri) joins the cervix and separates it from the body of the uterus (corpus uteri).

Inside the uterine body is the uterine cavity (cavits uteri), into which the fallopian tubes (tubae uterinae) open at the top. The uterine fundus (fundus uteri) lies above this point of entry. In comparison, if we look at the longitudinal axis of the vagina, the body of the uterus is bent forward from the isthmus (anteversio uteri) and bent forward (anteflexio uteri).

The uterus thus comes to rest at the back and top of the bladder (vesica urinaria). At the top, the uterus also borders the small intestine (ileum) and the large intestine (sigmoid colon). Behind the uterus – separated by the Douglas space – lies the rectum.

The uterus has three wall layers. On the inside, facing the uterine cavity, lies the mucus layer (endometrium). This is surrounded on the outside by a 1 to 3 cm thick muscle layer (myometrium).

The muscle layer is in turn surrounded by a connective tissue (parametrium). On both sides of the uterus there is a connective tissue plate (Lig. latum uteri, mesometrium), which connects the uterus with the fallopian tubes (Tubae uterinae) and the ovaries (Ovarien) and runs out in the pelvic wall.

This connective tissue plate contains blood and lymph vessels and nerves. There are also special ligaments that have a holding function. These are, on the one hand, a ligament that runs from the body of the uterus exactly at the point where the fallopian tubes (Tuba uterina) enter the ovaries (Lig.

ovarii proprium = Lig. uteroovaricum) and, on the other hand, a ligament that runs from the body of the uterus through the inguinal canal (Canalis inguinalis) into the tissue of the labia majora (Lig. teres uteri).

At the back of the connective tissue plate there is also another band (Lig. suspensorium ovarii). Anatomy of the uterus

• Uterine cavity
• Cervical Cervix
• Sheath
• Tube/fallopian tube
• Ovary/Evary
• BodyBody
• Portio/Cervix