The following are the most important diseases or complications that can be caused by cardiac vitias (heart valve defects) as well:
In general
Cardiovascular System (I00-I99).
- Cardiac arrhythmias – atrial fibrillation (VHF; women: 1.8-fold, men: 3.4-fold risk).
- Infective endocarditis (IE) (endocarditis of the heart).
- Cardiac decompensation
- Sudden cardiac death (PHT)
- Thromboembolism – occlusion of a pulmonary vessel by a blood clot.
Neoplasms (C00-D48)
- Tumor incidence – were more than twice as high in young adults in Sweden with congenital heart defects compared with healthy controls
Psyche – nervous system (F00-F99; G00-G99).
- Learning disorders: approximately 10 percent of all children with congenital heart defects also suffer from a developmental brain disorder. These can lead to cognitive, motor, social, and language impairments. In cases of severe cardiac vitiation, one in two children is affected. Researchers suspect that some mutations are responsible not only for the cardiac vitias, but also for the other disorders.
Aortic valve
Aortic stenosis
Respiratory system (J00-J99)
- Pulmonary edema – accumulation of water in the lungs.
Cardiovascular system (I00-I99)
- Cardiac arrhythmias, unspecified
- Coronary artery disease (CAD; disease of the coronary arteries).
- Left heart failure
- Left ventricular hypertrophy (enlargement of the left ventricle) and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (<50%)
- Sudden cardiac death (PHT).
Aortic regurgitation
Respiratory system (J00-J99)
- Pulmonary edema – accumulation of water in the lungs.
Cardiovascular system (I00-I99)
- Cardiac arrhythmias, unspecified
- Left heart failure
- Sudden cardiac death (PHT)
Mitral valve
Mitral stenosis
Respiratory system (J00-J99)
- Pulmonary edema – accumulation of water in the lungs.
Cardiovascular system (I00-I99)
- Infective endocarditis (IE) (endocarditis of the heart).
- Cardiac decompensation
- Thromboembolism – occlusion of a pulmonary vessel by a blood clot.
- Atrial fibrillation (VHF)
Further
- Facies mitralis (“red cheeks”) with peripheral cyanosis (cyanosis) and signs of right heart failure (edema (water retention) around the ankles and shins; nocturia (nighttime urination))
Mitral regurgitation
Respiratory system (J00-J99)
- Pulmonary edema – accumulation of water in the lungs.
Cardiovascular system (I00-I99)
- Heart failure (cardiac insufficiency)
- Infective endocarditis (IE) (endocarditis of the heart).
- Cardiac decompensation
- Sudden cardiac death (PHT)
- Thromboembolism – occlusion of a pulmonary vessel by a blood clot.
- Atrial fibrillation (VHF)
Prognostic factors
- If interventional clip therapy improves the subjective health status of heart failure patients (with heart failure) with secondary mitral regurgitation in the short term, it is associated with lower morbidity (morbidity) and mortality (mortality) in the longer term. As a result, the rate for hospital admissions for heart failure/heart failure (35.8% vs. 67.9%) as well as the all-cause mortality rate (29.1% vs. 46.1%) were significantly reduced within two years compared to standard therapy.
Mitral Prolapse
Cardiovascular system (I00-I99)
- Infective endocarditis (IE) (endocarditis of the heart).
- Cardiac arrhythmias, unspecified
- Mitral regurgitation
- Thromboembolism – occlusion of a pulmonary vessel by a blood clot.
