Synonym
Varicose vein on the testis = varicocele
What is a varicose vein in the testicles?
In the case of a varicose vein, the venous plexus on the testis is visibly and palpably enlarged and can be described as a vascular ball. In technical terminology, varicocele is also referred to as a varicose vein on the testis. As with varicose veins on the legs, the function of the veins in the return transport of blood is impaired, whereby the left testis is particularly affected.
For example, due to non-functioning venous valves or a weakness of the tissue. Varicoceles are widespread. Young men are often affected.
Causes of varicose veins in the testicles
A primary (idiopathic) varicocele is distinguished from a secondary (symptomatic) varicocele by its cause. The primary varicocele is congenital and accounts for most cases. It is caused by a disturbed blood return, which causes blood to accumulate in the testicular veins.
This phenomenon occurs particularly on the left side, since the testicular veins enter the renal vein at an unfavorable angle. This has a negative effect on the venous return flow. The right testicular vein opens directly into the inferior vena cava.
In addition, a weakness of the venous valves in the testis or a weakness of the vascular wall can promote the formation of varicoceles. However, there are also other factors that can have a negative effect on blood flow. In secondary varicocele, external pressure on the right or left testicular veins causes less blood to flow back. This can be, for example, in the context of tumor formation. On the other hand, a thrombosis, i.e. a blood clot, or a tear of the testicular vein can lead to a varicocele.
Symptoms of varicose veins in the testicles
In most cases a varicocele is asymptomatic. Sometimes, however, typical symptoms may occur. These symptoms include the feeling of a heavy, full, bulging scrotum.
This feeling is more pronounced when standing. The disturbed blood flow causes swelling and increase in size of the affected testicle. In addition, the varicose veins form a worm-like structure on the scrotum.
The varicose veins are more clearly visible with increased abdominal pressure. In children, the affected testicle may be smaller because the varicocele inhibits growth. In addition, sperm production may be impaired in the further course of the disease.
Another possible complication of a varicocele is a reduced testicular volume. Varicose veins on the testicles are not necessarily associated with pain. At the beginning pain is rather untypical.
As the testicle increases in size in the further course of the disease, pain may occur. In addition, an unpleasant feeling of heaviness or tension is possible. Pain in the testicles should always be clarified by the doctor.
However, if you suffer from pain in the testicles, we recommend that you visit our website for further clarification: Testicular pain – what is behind it? Due to the disturbed blood flow, blood accumulates in the affected testicle. This leads to an increase in size and swelling of the testicle. This can be felt as unpleasant. However, since swelling of the testicle occurs in many cases, a doctor should be consulted as soon as possible to clarify the cause.