Products
Adapalene is commercially available as a cream and gel (Differin). It is also available in combination with benzoyl peroxide (Epiduo, Epiduo Forte). Adapalene has been approved in many countries since 1995.
Structure and properties
Adapalene (C28H28O3, Mr = 412.52 g/mol) is a synthetic derivative of naphthalic acid without the typical retinoid structure. It exists as a white powder that is practically insoluble in water.
Effects
Adapalene (ATC D10AD03) has comedolytic and anti-inflammatory properties. It is mainly effective against comedones (blackheads). It affects differentiation and keratinization, inhibits leukocytes and lipoxygenase metabolism of archidonic acid.
Indications
Adapalene is used for the external treatment of acne vulgaris, especially comedone acne. The cream is used for mild to moderate comedone acne, and the gel when papules and pustules are also present. Off-label, it is also used for rosacea and plantar warts.
Dosage
Adapalene is applied topically once daily after cleansing the skin, preferably before bedtime. If irritation occurs, the drug can be used only every other day for 2 weeks. Improvement of symptoms occurs only after 1-2 months.
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity
- Contact with the eyes, mouth, mucous membranes, open wounds, eczema, sunburn.
- During pregnancy and lactation is not recommended for use.
The full precautions can be found in the drug information leaflet.
Interactions
Skin should be exposed to strong UV radiation only with caution (e.g., sunbathing). Simultaneously applied acne medications, highly drying substances, or irritating agents may also cause increased irritation of the skin.
Adverse effects
Occasionally, local skin reactions such as dryness, redness, warm sensation, scaling, burning, and itching are observed during application.
