Causes of secondary reflux disease

After operations, such as dilatation of the stomach entrance (cardiomyotomy),
Scleroderma (autoimmune systemic disease with multiple organ involvement (including stiffening of the esophageal wall). Conditional disturbance of the mobility of the esophagus (peristalsis) as causes of heartburn.
In the case of gastric outlet stenosis, gastric emptying into the duodenum is delayed, so that there is increased reflux of gastric acid into the esophagus from a full stomach (pressure increase).

Which drugs cause reflux?

Especially drugs that increase acid production in the stomach cause reflux. These include painkillers such as ASS or ibuprofen. Steroid-containing drugs also promote acid production.

Similarly, reflux can be triggered by antibiotics or psychotropic drugs (drugs that help with mental illness). Some asthma medications act on muscle cells and cause them to relax. At the stomach this leads to the fact that the sphincter muscle is no longer completely tight, which leads to reflux. Drugs can maintain heartburn (reflux disease) in different ways (increased acid secretion, reduction of protective local mucosal components, etc.). These drugs include:

Anticholinergics (drugs for bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and many others)
Opiates (morphine-like analgesic)
Theophylin (bronchial asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD))
Beta-blockers (high blood pressure arterial hypertension)
Alpha-adrenergics (bronchial asthma and COPD),
Nitrates (cardiac insufficiency) and coronary artery disease (coronary heart disease (CHD))

Hoarseness due to heartburn

Heartburn is usually not only characterized by a burning pain. Coughing and hoarseness are also among the symptoms of reflux (reflux). It is not uncommon for stomach acid to pass through the esophagus to the larynx and from there to the windpipe, where it can also affect the vocal chords. These are not protected against stomach acid and are therefore very easily irritated. This causes small inflammations that cause hoarseness.

Causes esophagitis

An oesophagitis is usually caused by injury to the uppermost layer of the mucous membrane. This can be caused by gastric juice, foreign bodies swallowed accidentally or a stomach tube can injure the mucous membrane. Pathogens such as viruses, bacteria or fungi can also cause an infection in the esophagus. Injury to the mucous membrane causes irritation of the oesophagus, which is often expressed in the form of heartburn.