General measures
- Nicotine restriction (refraining from tobacco use).
- Limited alcohol consumption (men: max. 25 g alcohol per day; women: max. 12 g alcohol per day).
- Normal weight to strive for or maintain!Determination of BMI (body mass index, body mass index) or body composition using electrical impedance analysis.
- BMI ≥ 25 → participation in a medically supervised weight loss program.
- Falling below the BMI lower limit (from the age of 45: 22; from the age of 55: 23; from the age of 65: 24) → Participation in a medically supervised program for the underweight.
Conventional non-surgical therapy methods
Stem cell transplantation (more precisely, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; HSCT; here as allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation) – after high-dose chemotherapy and subsequent radiation therapy (radiotherapy, radiatio) – should be discussed in high-risk patients. Note: Allogeneic stem cell transplantation is rarely performed now because of new, effective therapeutic options.
Radiotherapy
In cases of large lymphomas or splenomeaglie (abnormal splenomegaly), low-dose radiation may be indicated (indicated).
Vaccinations
The following vaccinations are advised before starting therapy:
- Influenza vaccination (seasonal quadrivalent inactivated vaccine).
- Pneumococcal vaccination: immunocompromised individuals should be vaccinated sequentially with the 13-valent conjugate vaccine PCV13 and six to 12 months later with the 23-valent polysaccharide vaccine PPSV23 against pneumococcus.
- Meningococcal vaccination (ACWY and B).
- Herpes zoster vaccination (only with inactivated vaccine.
- If necessary, booster vaccination against diphtheria, Haemophilus influenzae capsule type b (Hib), pertussis and tetanus.
Regular checkups
- Regular follow-up examinations for early detection of recurrence (recurrence of the disease).
Nutritional medicine
- Nutritional counseling based on nutritional analysis
- Nutritional recommendations according to a mixed diet, taking into account the general knowledge of nutrition in a tumor disease. This means:
- Consume only limited energy-rich foods.
- Moderate total fat intake
- Little red meat (pork, beef, lamb, veal) and sausages.
- Once or twice a week fresh sea fish, ie fatty marine fish (omega-3 fatty acids) such as salmon, herring, mackerel.
- High-fiber diet (whole grains, vegetables).
- Daily total of 5 servings of fresh vegetables and fruits (≥ 400 g; 3 servings of vegetables and 2 servings of fruit).
- Reduce consumption of smoked and cured foods, because they contain nitrate or nitrite as a component of curing salt. Their preparation produces compounds (nitrosamines), which are risk factors for various tumor diseases.
- Refrain from polluted foods such as offal and wild mushrooms.
- Do not eat moldy food
- Observe the following special dietary recommendations:
- Diet rich in:
- Vitamins (A, C, D, E, folic acid).
- Minerals
- Trace elements (selenium, zinc)
- Omega-3 fatty acids
- Secondary plant compounds (e.g. carotenoids, polyphenols).
- Diet rich in:
- Selection of appropriate food based on the nutritional analysis
- See also under “Therapy with micronutrients (vital substances)” – if necessary, taking a suitable dietary supplement.
- Detailed information on nutritional medicine you will receive from us.
Sports Medicine
- Endurance training (cardio training).
- In general, endurance training on a bicycle ergometer can be recommended, which is performed according to the principle of interval training. This means that load phases lasting 1 to 3 minutes alternate with rest phases also lasting 1 to 3 minutes. The training should be performed at about 80% of the maximum heart rate for a total of 30 minutes.
- Preparation of a fitness or training plan with suitable sports disciplines based on a medical check (health check or athlete check).
- Detailed information on sports medicine you will receive from us.
Psychotherapy
- Psychosocial care
- Detailed information on psychosomatic care (including stress management) is available from us.
Complementary treatment methods
- Pain therapy